Grafting of sinapic acid onto glucosamine nanoparticle as a potential therapeutic drug with enhanced anti-inflammatory activities in osteoarthritis treatment

Pharmacological Activities and Molecular Mechanisms of Sinapic Acid in Neurological Disorders

“…SA has also shown metal chelating potential, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihyperglycemic, antimicrobial, anxiolytic, and tumor-fighting activities, peroxynitrite and free-radical scavenging, plus antihypertensive and cardiovascular remodeling , (Figure ). It is shown that SA’s poor solubility, hydrophobic nature, low in vitro dissolution rate, reduced oral bioavailability, and enhanced lipophilicity due to the esterification are responsible for its limited therapeutic potential whereas the increased lipophilicity results in higher affinity for the lipophilic phase of certain drug delivery systems and the cell membrane. − In this regard, several studies have been performed to investigate the possible strategies for a more effective delivery of SA for therapeutic purposes. SA encapsulation in various nano delivery systems including solid lipid nanoparticles, glucosamine nanoparticles, ethosomes, transferosomes, and liposomes has been shown to be a promising technique to overcome SA’s lack of solubility and bioavailability contributing to their interesting properties like high biocompatibility, protected drug release, and cross-skin permeability which lead to efficient penetration of the embedded molecule into the target site and a better therapeutic result. ,,, …”