Grafting: a potential method to reveal the differential accumulation mechanism of secondary metabolites

Dong, Dezun; Shi, Yulong; Mou, Zongmin; Chen, Suiyun

doi:10.1093/hr/uhac050

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…In plants, the investigation of how environmental factors affect the production of secondary metabolites is an ongoing pursuit due to their close relationships with plant growth and development [ 1 ]. Plant secondary metabolites are usually defense compounds responding to various biotic and abiotic stresses [ 2 ]. Secondary metabolites produced by medicinal plants are important beneficial compounds for many reasons, and their effects on human health have garnered significant attention [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of transcriptome networks that mediate ginsenoside biosynthesis by essential ecological factors

Wang,

Chen,

Tang

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Ginseng, a valuable Chinese medicinal herb, is renowned worldwide for its effectiveness in alleviating certain conditions and promoting overall health. In this study, we performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on the accumulation of essential saponins under the influence of 13 essential environmental factors (including air temperature, air bottom temperature, surface mean temperature, soil temperature, surface shortwave radiation, soil moisture, soil water content, rainfall, total precipitation, elevation, soil type, soil pH, and soil water potential). We identified a total of 40 transcript modules associated with typical environmental factors and the accumulation of essential saponins. Among these, 18 modules were closely related to the influence of typical environmental factors, whereas 22 modules were closely related to the accumulation of essential saponins. These results were verified by examining the transcriptome, saponin contents, environmental factor information and the published data and revealed the regulatory basis of saponin accumulation at the transcriptome level under the influence of essential environmental factors. We proposed a working model of saponin accumulation mediated by the transcriptional regulatory network that is affected by typical environmental factors. An isomorphic white-box neural network was constructed based on this model and the predicted results of the white-box neural network correlated with saponin accumulation. The effectiveness of our correlation-directed graph in predicting saponin contents was verified by bioinformatics analysis based on results obtained in this study and transcripts known to affect the biosynthesis of saponin Rb1. The directed graph represents a useful tool for manipulating saponin biosynthesis while considering the influence of essential environmental factors in ginseng and other medicinal plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of transcriptome networks that mediate ginsenoside biosynthesis by essential ecological factors

Wang,

Chen,

Tang

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Manipulation of the defense mechanism of cannabis plants is crucial as it can lead to changes in the content of secondary metabolites [ 69 ]. Grafting has been shown to influence biosynthetic pathways and their accumulation [ 39 , 70 ]. There are several transport and signaling mechanisms between the rootstock and the scion that promote shoot adaptation to stress factors through the transport of signaling molecules involved in the plant defence mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficiency of CBD Production Using Grafted Cannabis sativa L. Plants Is Highly Dependent on the Type of Rootstock: A Study

Bitežnik,

Štukelj,

Flajšman

2024

Plants

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The global cannabis market is continuously expanding and as a result, the cannabis industry demands new and improved agronomic cultivation practices to increase production efficiency of cannabidiol (CBD), which is valued for its therapeutic benefits. This study investigates the influence of three rootstock types on the survival rate, morphological parameters, and biochemical composition of cannabis: potentially dwarfing rootstocks (PDR), potentially vigorous rootstocks (PVR), and seedlings-as-rootstocks (SAR). Rootstocks were used for grafting two scion genotypes: ‘ScionII’ = chemotype II of industrial hemp, and ‘ScionIII’ = chemotype III of high CBD accumulating variety. Contrary to expectations, PVR and SAR did not outperform PDR on most of the measured variables. SAR showed the highest survival rate of the grafted cannabis plants (40–70%). The rootstock type had a statistically significant influence only on the bud compactness index in ‘ScionII’, with PDR being particularly noticeable. A comparative analysis of the ‘rootstock/scion’ combinations with their controls (non-grafted scions) revealed grafting’s substantial improvement in most traits. Specifically, PDR increased CBD content by 27% in ‘ScionIII’, inflorescence yield and CBD yield per plant increased by 71% and 84%, respectively, when SAR was used in ‘ScionII’. SAR showed to be the most effective rootstock type for CBD production. Our findings suggest grafting as a promising technique for optimizing cannabis’s agronomic and medicinal potential, highlighting the necessity for further research on its underlying mechanisms to refine production efficiency and quality.

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“…Consequently, the leaves of tobacco growing on an eggplant rootstock had lower alkaloid contents compared with those of the non‐grafted tobacco. In addition, grafting serves as an important method for studying mechanisms associated with the transport of secondary metabolites (Dong et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topping and grafting affect the alkaloid content and gene expression patterns of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

2023

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In this study, we aimed to determine molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of topping and grafting in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) by comparing the alkaloid contents and enrichment pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among plants subjected to different combinations of topping and grafting treatments. Plants of the tobacco variety “Zhongyan 100” and eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) were grafted in four combinations as scions and rootstocks, respectively. The four treatment groups were tobacco with topping, tobacco without topping, topped tobacco grafted onto an eggplant rootstock, and non‐topped tobacco grafted onto an eggplant rootstock. Tobacco leaves were collected on the day of topping, at 7 days after topping, and after flue curing, the alkaloid contents of the collected leaves were determined. Leaves of plants subjected to the different treatments were collected for RNA sequencing and screened for DEGs, which were subsequently subjected to functional enrichment analyses. Analyses revealed reductions in the leaf alkaloid contents of tobacco subjected to combined topping and eggplant grafting. Gene annotation indicated that topping influences biological processes such as starch metabolism and stress response, whereas grafting affected the biosynthesis and metabolic pathways of secondary metabolites. Downregulated DEGs between non‐topped tobacco and eggplant‐grafted topped tobacco and between topped and non‐topped tobacco are mainly involved in inositol phosphate metabolic and biosynthetic processes. Downregulated DEGs between different grafting methods (eggplant‐grafted non‐topped tobacco vs. non‐topped tobacco and eggplant‐grafted topped tobacco vs. topped tobacco) are mainly involved in sesquiterpene synthase activity and photosynthesis. The findings of this study provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of topping and grafting on tobacco plants.

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Grafting: a potential method to reveal the differential accumulation mechanism of secondary metabolites

Cited by 24 publications

References 102 publications

Regulation of transcriptome networks that mediate ginsenoside biosynthesis by essential ecological factors

Regulation of transcriptome networks that mediate ginsenoside biosynthesis by essential ecological factors

The Efficiency of CBD Production Using Grafted Cannabis sativa L. Plants Is Highly Dependent on the Type of Rootstock: A Study

Topping and grafting affect the alkaloid content and gene expression patterns of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

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