Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer onto Starch and Natural Rubber Latex Initiated by Gamma Irradiation

Mustafa, Iskandar Shahrim

doi:10.17146/aij.2011.72

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In cellulose molecules, free radicals are formed by C–H, C–O, and C–C bond cleavages by hydrogen abstraction, chain scission, and cycle opening. The radical species that are formed during the EB irradiation are involved in grafting reaction of natural filler on the NR matrix and lead to the increasing of adhesion between them [ 62 , 63 ]. In this way, it can be explained that the values obtained for water absorption in our experiments depend both on the fiber type (with different content in cellulose and hemicellulose) and irradiation dose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Absorption Kinetics in Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers Processed by Electron Beam Irradiation

2020

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Natural rubber composites reinforced with hemp, flax, and wood sawdust were obtained by irradiation at room temperature with an electron beam of 5.5 MeV in order to meet the actual need for new materials that are environmentally friendly and safe for human health. The natural fibers loading was between 5 and 20 phr and the processing doses were between 75 and 600 kGy. The kinetics of water absorption in these materials were studied. The water diffusion was analyzed through Fick’s law. The water absorption parameters (Qt and Qeq), diffusion parameters (k and n), diffusion coefficient (D), intrinsic diffusion coefficient (D*), sorption coefficient (S), and permeation coefficient (P) have depended on the fiber nature, amount used in blends, and irradiation dose. The obtained results showed that not in the case of each type of fiber used, the water absorption could be correlated with the specific cellulose and hemicellulose content, due to the changes induced by the electron beam.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Absorption Kinetics in Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers Processed by Electron Beam Irradiation

2020

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“…The difficulty can be let down by break down of plastic mateials with exposure to sunlight, water or dampness, bacteria, enzymes, insect attack are also included as forms of biodegradation or environmental degradation. Combination of double biodegradable initiator materials such as starch and natural rubber latex with polymethyl methacrylate was expected to obtain renewable degradable plastic [ 79 , 80 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iskandar synthesized the graft copolymer of methyl methacrylate onto starch and natural rubber latex was conducted by a simultaneous irradiation technique. Gamma rays from cobalt-60 source were used as the initiator [ 42 ]. Shanmugapriya et al , studied graft copolymer of chitosan with acrylic acid polymer has been synthesized using ceric ammonium nitrate and nitric acid redox system under UV irradiation [ 43 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Modification of Polysaccharide Through Graft Copolymerization for Various Potential Applications

Kumar¹,

Pandey²,

Raj³

et al. 2017

TOMCJ

102

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Introduction:Graft copolymerization is one of the most promising technique uses to modify the properties of naturally available polymers with a minimum loss in their native characteristics. Methods and Materials:Graft copolymerization is a very significant technique to add hybrid properties in backbone of polymers. The grafting generally initiated through the formation of free radical centers on the polymer backbone as well as monomer. Results:Grafted polysaccharides have various applications in different important scientific areas such as drug delivery, pharmaceutical field, plastic industry, waste water treatment, tannery effluent treatment, textile industry, agriculture area, etc. all of this fascinated us to summarize the major research articles over the last two decades outlining different methods of grafting, surface modification, graft copolymerization of synthetic and natural polymers. Conclusion:Various redox initiator systems viz. Ceric ammonium nitrate, per sulfate, Irradiation, FAS-H2O2 etc. is also explored for grafting of vinyl through conventional and non-conventional techniques.

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“…This is due to the higher addition of methyl methacrylate so that the mechanical properties obtained in copolymer tapioca waste-methyl methacrylate is higher. MMA and tapioca waste mixture can be crosslinked by γ irradiation so increase the tensile strength of the graft [20].…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tapioca Waste-Methyl Methacrylate Irradiation for Biodegradable Plastic Raw Materials

Syahputra

Puspitasari²,

Prayitno³

et al. 2020

J.Kim.Terap.Indones.

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Nuclear technology can be applied not only as an energy (electricity) but also in industry as as an initiator on polymer reaction. Tapioca waste is used due to its biodegradability properties. Tapioca waste gel is formed by adding equal aquades ratio to waste weight. After gel formed, several concentrations of methyl methacrylate (w/w) is added to the gel then packed into 150 mL ampule. Using Co-60 gamma irradiation source, gel is irradiated at 5 kGy absorbed dose. Gel is extracted using acetone to get rid of sample from impurities. Glycerol as a plasticizer is added to the gel to increase polymer flexibility. Gel-Glycerol mixing is done at 60ºC, 250 rpm for one hour by adding aquadest. To analyze mechanical properties, firstly, we need to mold samples using pressurized-hot press machine. Film is formed to type 5 specimen (dog bone, astm d638-14). Specimen is tested by analyzing tensile strength characteristics. Fabrication of biodegradable plastic based packaging by using starch has an increasement of mechanical and thermal properties at 5 kGy absorbed dose. Methyl methacrylate 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% addition to the solution has 10-24 MPa tensile strength. Gel fraction has range between 88-100%. Even the lowest ratio of monomer addition can provide highest gel fraction to improve mechanical properties of tapioca waste.

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Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer onto Starch and Natural Rubber Latex Initiated by Gamma Irradiation

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Water Absorption Kinetics in Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers Processed by Electron Beam Irradiation

Water Absorption Kinetics in Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers Processed by Electron Beam Irradiation

A Review on the Modification of Polysaccharide Through Graft Copolymerization for Various Potential Applications

Tapioca Waste-Methyl Methacrylate Irradiation for Biodegradable Plastic Raw Materials

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