Graft copolymerization of methyl acrylate onto cellulose initiated by potassium ditelluratoargentate(III)

Liu, Yinghai; Yang, Le; Shi, Zengqian; Li, Junbo

doi:10.1002/pi.1598

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[21][22][23] Commonly, it is believed that the mechanism of oxidation by DTA is a two-electron-transfer process without the production of intermediate radicals. In previous studies, we developed conditions for the homopolymerization of acrylamide 24 and the grafting of methyl acrylate on cellulose 25 with DTA as initiator and confirmed that DTA is an efficient radical initiator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Grafting of methyl methacrylate onto sodium alginate initiated by potassium ditelluratoargentate(III)

Liu

Yang

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Sodium alginate (SA) was graft-copolymerized with methyl methacrylate in an alkali aqueous solution with potassium ditelluratoargentate(III) (DTA) as the initiator. Graft copolymers with both a high grafting efficiency (Ͼ90%) and a high percentage of grafting were obtained, which indicated that the DTA-SA redox pair was an efficient initiator for this grafting. The grafting parameters, including total conversion, grafting efficiency, and percentage grafting, were evaluated comparatively. The dependence of these parameters on temperature and time, monomer concentration, initiator concentration, and SA backbone concentration was also investigated. The overall activation energy of this grafting was calculated as 37.50 kJ/mol. Proof of grafting was obtained from gravimetric analysis and IR spectra. A tentative mechanism involving a two-step, single-electrontransfer process of DTA is proposed to explain the generation of radicals and the initiation of grafting. Some basic properties of the grafted copolymer were studied by instrumental analyses, including thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1688 -1694, 2005

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Grafting of methyl methacrylate onto sodium alginate initiated by potassium ditelluratoargentate(III)

Liu

Yang

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Therefore, the modification of cellulose is required for its applications. 2 Graft copolymerization [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] with various monomers is the most commonly used method for surface modification of cellulose, and there are two pathways to accomplish it, just like the surface modification of general substrate particles including organics and inorganics, which are ''grafting to'' and ''grafting from'' methods. In recent years, the ''grafting from'' method has attracted a lot of attention because it can obtain higher grafting density 13 than the ''grafting to'' method, and the grafting ratio could also be controlled.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modification of Cellulose by Using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Ring-Opening Polymerization

Chang

Yamabuki

Onimura

et al. 2008

Polym J

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The cellulose chloroacetate (Cell-ClAc) with a degree of substitution (DS) value of about 2.1 was synthesized through acylation reaction of microcrystalline cellulose in a homogeneous solution of dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/ LiCl), and pyridine as the acid acceptor. Atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) of 3-ethyl-3-methacryloyloxymethyloxetane (EMO) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were carried out by using Cell-ClAc as the initiator. Furthermore, the second ATRP reactions of MMA and EMO by using the products of Cell-PEMO and Cell-PMMA as initiators were performed, respectively. It was based on the consideration of that the terminal halogens of Cell-PEMO or Cell-PMMA possess activity even after a long time period and could be used as initiator for another ATRP reaction. Different reactions including the activators generated by electron transfer (AGET) ATRP of EMO or MMA and the Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) of aliphatic cyclic ester (CE) ("-caprolactone (CL), or L-Lactide (LLA)) proceed in a same reaction system simultaneously by using the same initiator of Cell-ClAc or Cell-PEMO or Cell-PMMA were also carried out. For analyses of products, the measurements of FT-IR, DSC, TG-DTA, WAXD were performed, and a Polarizing Microscope (POM) was also used for crystal observation of the products. All the measurement results proved the proceeding of the reactions.KEY WORDS: Microcrystalline Cellulose / Modification / ATRP / the Second ATRP / AGET ATRP / ROP / Along with the increasingly rising awareness of environmental protection and of utilizing petroleum resources more rationally and economically, more and more researchers turn the study direction from petroleum to natural and renewable resources such as the developments of biodegradable plastics and green sustainable plastics. Among the natural renewable resources, cellulose is one of the most popular materials because cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth and possesses many potential outstanding properties and attractive advantages for applications, such as, high modulus of crystalline cellulose combined with the low weight, 1 not expensive, good biodegradability and renewability. However, the unmodified cellulose is not used for applications because it couldn't be dissolved in most conventional solvents and has not a melting temperature (T m ). Therefore, the modification of cellulose is required for its applications.

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“…As one of most plentiful natural polymers on Earth, cellulose can be obtained from various plants as a principal component of cell walls, microorganisms, and animals. 1 Because of their renewability, biodegradability, and avirulence, increasing attention has been paid to novel composites of cellulosic materials. However, the poor solubility of cellulose in common solvents limits its applications to only a few areas; thus, chemical modification is necessary to prepare cellulose derivatives by the introduction of polar and/or functional moieties onto the cellulose backbone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid state mechano‐chemical grafting copolymerization of hydroxyethyl cellulose with acrylic acid

Chen

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effects of mechanochemical treatment on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and its grafting reaction with acrylic acid (AA) under solvent-free conditions were studied through a vibratory ball-milling machine, which was developed in our laboratory. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 13 C-NMR analysis were used to investigate the structural development of HEC during vibromilling and the grafting mechanism. Further development of the structure and properties of the graft copolymer was characterized by viscosity measurement, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and thermal gravity (TG) analysis. The FTIR results showed a new peak at 1720 cm À1 , corresponding to the C¼ ¼O absorbance peak of AA, which indicated that AA was successfully grafted onto HEC during the high-energy vibromilling of the HEC/AA mixture at ambient temperature in the absence of a solvent and a catalyst. The WAXD showed the destruction of crystals of HEC during the milling, and the TG analysis demonstrated the improvement of the thermal stability of the copolymer. The effects of the processing conditions on the grafting rate and grafting efficiency were studied by chemical titration to determine the optimum grafting conditions.

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Graft copolymerization of methyl acrylate onto cellulose initiated by potassium ditelluratoargentate(III)

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Grafting of methyl methacrylate onto sodium alginate initiated by potassium ditelluratoargentate(III)

Grafting of methyl methacrylate onto sodium alginate initiated by potassium ditelluratoargentate(III)

Modification of Cellulose by Using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Ring-Opening Polymerization

Solid state mechano‐chemical grafting copolymerization of hydroxyethyl cellulose with acrylic acid

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