Graft Copolymerization of Methacrylamide onto Guar Gum Using a Potassium Chromate/Malonic Acid Redox Pair

Abstract

The effect of reaction conditions on the grafting parameters during the grafting of methacrylamide (MAM) onto guar‐gum (GOH) using potassium chromate/malonic acid redox pair was studied under nitrogen atmosphere at different temperatures. On increasing the chromate ion concentration (from 3.5×10–3 mol·dm–3 to 20.0×10–3 mol·dm–3) grafting parameters were found to increase. Grafting ratio, efficiency, and add on were found to increase with the increase in malonic acid concentration from 3.5×10–3 mol·dm–3 to 10.0×10–3 mol dm–3. It was observed that maximum efficiency was obtained when the monomer concentration was 20.0×10–3 mol·dm–3. With increasing hydrogen ion concentration, grafting parameters were found to increase. Homopolymer concentration, however, was found to decrease with increasing hydrogen ion concentration. Optimum temperature and time for grafting of MAM onto guar gum were found to be 35°C and 120 min respectively. The graft copolymer was characterized by IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.

Synthesis and characterization of graft copolymers of N-Vinyl-2-Pyrrolidone onto guar gum for sorption of Fe2+ and Cr6+ ions

“…Guar gum has been modified by derivatization, grafting and network formation to improve its property profile for a wide spectrum of end-uses. Using different initiating systems grafting of methacrylamide (Behari, Kumar, Tripathi, & Pandey, 2001), acrylonitrile (Trivedi, Kalia, Patel, & Trivedi, 2005), acrylic acid (Li, Wu, Wang, & Duan, 2006;Pandey, Srivastava, Tripathy, & Behari, 2006) and acrylamide (Singh, Tiwari, Tripathi, & Sanghi, 2004) onto guar gum has been * Corresponding author. Tel.…”

Applications of Water-Soluble Polymers in Turbulent Drag Reduction

“…Behari et al [87] prepared copolymers in which methacrylamide was grafted onto GG using a redox pair comprising potassium chromate/malonic acid and investigated the reaction conditions that could produce less of the homopolymer and generate more of the graft copolymer. They observed that the extent of grafting increased with an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions or chromate ions.…”

Graft Polymerization of Methacrylamide onto Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Fibers with Benzoyl Peroxide as Initiator and their Characterization

“…This observation indicates that the grafting of MMAm decreases the thermal stability of the PET fibers, because polyMMAm chains degrade between 170 and 300 8C. [14] The residues of the ungrafted and grafted PET fibers at 600 8C ( Figure 2) also decrease by grafting. This further proves the adverse effect of grafting on the thermal properties of PET fibers.…”

“…Methacrylamide is one of the vinyl monomers used in grafting studies on various natural [11][12][13][14] and synthetic polymers; [15,16] resulting physical changes of the grafted polymers have also been examined.…”