Grading of Chronic Synovitis — A Histopathological Grading System for Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology

Krenn, Veit; Morawietz, Lars; Häupl, Thomas; Neidel, J.; Petersen, Iver; König, A.

doi:10.1078/0344-0338-5710261

Cited by 279 publications

(260 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The subchondral bone also undergoes remodeling during OA, and these changes were assessed by radiography and bone histomorphometric parameters 127 of BV/TV and Tb.Th (which typically increase in OA) and Tb.N and Tb.Sp (which typically decrease in OA). Synovitis, which is atypical in OA, were characterized using the Krenn scoring scale 128,129 .…”

Section: Animal Models Of Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating hedgehog signaling can attenuate the severity of osteoarthritis

Lin

Seeto

Bartoszko

et al. 2009

Nat Med

293

340

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Osteoarthritis is associated with the irreversible degeneration of articular cartilage. Notably, in this condition, articular cartilage chondrocytes undergo phenotypic and gene expression changes that are reminiscent of their end-stage differentiation in the growth plate during skeletal development. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling regulates normal chondrocyte growth and differentiation; however, the role of Hh signaling in chondrocytes in osteoarthritis is unknown. Here I examined human osteoarthritic samples and mice in which osteoarthritis was surgically induced and find that Hh signaling is activated in osteoarthritis. Using several genetically modified mice, I found that higher levels of Hh signaling in chondrocytes cause a more severe osteoarthritic phenotype. Furthermore, Ishow in mice and in human cartilage explants that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of Hh signaling reduces the severity of osteoarthritis and that runtrelated transcription factor-2 (Runx2) potentially mediates this process by regulating a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif-5 (Adamts5) expression. Together, these findings raise the possibility that Hh blockade can be used as a therapeutic approach to inhibit articular cartilage degeneration.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: Animal Models Of Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating hedgehog signaling can attenuate the severity of osteoarthritis

Lin

Seeto

Bartoszko

et al. 2009

Nat Med

293

340

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“…without knowledge of animal identification or infection status. Synovial lesions were graded using a classification scheme based on that for chronic synovitis in humans 13 but adapted to the findings in the first 8 dogs of this study (Table 1; see also Supplemental Figs. 1-6 of Appendix A, available online at http://vet.sagepub.com/supplemental) since synovial hyperplasia was not identified in any animals.…”

Section: Histologic Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synovial Lesions in Experimental Canine Lyme Borreliosis

Susta

Uhl

Grosenbaugh³

et al. 2011

Vet Pathol

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Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, which is mainly characterized by lameness in dogs. More than 95% of naturally infected dogs are asymptomatic or subclinical; however, in experimental studies, histologic synovial lesions are consistently observed in asymptomatic dogs inoculated with B. burdgorferi. This study investigates the ability of a synovial histopathologic scoring system, clinicopathologic data, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing to differentiate between B. burgdorferi-infected and uninfected dogs. Eighteen 18-week-old beagles were subject to challenge with B. burgdorferi-infected wildcaught ticks (Ixodes scapularis), and 4 uninfected dogs served as controls. Infection was confirmed by serology (ELISA) and PCR amplification of B. burgdorferi-specific DNA of skin biopsies taken at the tick attachment site. A synovial scoring system from human medicine was adapted and implemented on postmortem synovial samples to discriminate infected and noninfected animals. Application of this system to elbows and stifles with a cumulative joint score cutoff > 4 showed a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 100%, with a positive likelihood ratio of infinity and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.12. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, urine protein:creatinine, urine PCR, synovial and lymph node cytology, and synovial PCR were evaluated but were not reliable indicators of clinical disease.

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“…Synovitis in H&E-stained sections was evaluated semiquantitatively by 2 observers who were blinded to the treatments, as described previously (33,34). Briefly, the appearance of intimal hyperplasia, the fibrovascular alterations at the interstitium, and the mononuclear infiltration were independently evaluated using 0-3-point subscales, and the results were summed (maximum score 9).…”

Section: Serum Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic arthritis aggravates vascular lesions in rabbits with atherosclerosis: A novel model of atherosclerosis associated with chronic inflammation

Largo

Sánchez‐Pernaute

Marcos

et al. 2008

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To determine whether systemic inflammation induced by chronic antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) accelerates vascular lesions in rabbits with atherosclerosis.Methods. Two models of atherosclerosis and chronic AIA were combined. Atherosclerosis was induced by coupling a hyperlipemic diet with an endothelial lesion at the femoral arteries, while chronic AIA was induced by ovalbumin injection. Markers in sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as vessels and synovial membranes from the rabbits with the double phenotype (both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis) were compared with those from rabbits with each disease alone.Results. Serum levels of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and prostaglandin E 2 increased in rabbits with both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis as compared with healthy animals or animals with either chronic AIA alone or atherosclerosis alone. NF-B binding and CCL2 and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression were higher in PBMCs from rabbits with both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis than in PBMCs from healthy rabbits. The intima-media thickness ratio of femoral arteries was equally increased in rabbits with atherosclerosis alone and in rabbits with both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis, but the latter group showed a higher level of macrophage infiltration. Femoral CCL2 and COX-2 expression was increased in rabbits with both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis as compared with rabbits with atherosclerosis alone. In the aortas, vascular lesions were found in 27% of rabbits with atherosclerosis alone and in 60% of rabbits with both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis. Rabbits with both chronic AIA and atherosclerosis exhibited more severe synovitis and higher synovial expression of CCL2 than did rabbits with chronic AIA alone.Conclusion. The onset of chronic AIA in animals with atherosclerosis resulted in the local and systemic up-regulation of mediators of tissue inflammation and plaque instability associated with a higher incidence of aortic lesions. This model could represent a novel approach to the study of inflammation-associated atherosclerosis.

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Grading of Chronic Synovitis — A Histopathological Grading System for Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology

Cited by 279 publications

References 25 publications

Modulating hedgehog signaling can attenuate the severity of osteoarthritis

Modulating hedgehog signaling can attenuate the severity of osteoarthritis

Synovial Lesions in Experimental Canine Lyme Borreliosis

Chronic arthritis aggravates vascular lesions in rabbits with atherosclerosis: A novel model of atherosclerosis associated with chronic inflammation

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