Gradient polymer surfaces for biomedical applications

Kim, Moon Suk; Khang, Gilson; Lee, Hai Bang

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.06.001

Cited by 212 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 145 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

138

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…By appropriate choice of bioassay, the material presenting the optimised performance can be readily selected. The absence of adequate polymeric materials for biomedical application and, thus, the motivation for materials discovery, is well illustrated by the prevalence of surface modification of polymers in an attempt to achieve the required surface properties [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The creation of a diverse range of polymeric materials is an important requirement for producing biomaterials ideally suited to the unique and specific requirements of every medical application [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The high throughput discovery of new materials can be achieved by rapidly screening many different materials synthesised by a combinatorial approach to identify the optimal material that fulfils a particular biomedical application. Here we review the literature in this area and conclude that for polymers, this process is best achieved in a microarray format, which enable thousands of cell-material interactions to be monitored on a single chip. Polymer microarrays can be formed by printing pre-synthesised polymers or by printing monomers onto the chip where on-slide polymerisation is initiated.The surface properties of the material can be analysed and correlated to the biological performance using high throughput surface analysis, including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. This approach enables the surface properties responsible for the success of a material to be understood, which in turn provides the foundations of future material design. The high throughput discovery of materials using polymer microarrays has been explored for many cell-based applications including the isolation of specific 2 cells from heterogeneous populations, the attachment and differentiation of stem cells and the controlled transfection of cells.Further development of polymerisation techniques and high throughput biological assays amenable to the polymer microarray format will broaden the combinatorial space and biological phenomenon that polymer microarrays can explore, and increase their efficacy. This will, in turn, result in the discovery of optimised polymeric materials for many biomaterial applications.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These techniques range from surface topography modification [6][7][8] to surface chemistry modification [9][10][11] and have given rise to the increased interest in using polymers as biomaterials [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Nylon 6,6, the strongest and most abrasive resistant unreinforced nylon, has been used for such biological applications as sutures, tracheal tubes and gastrointestinal segments [20].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample EWA250_500 and sample EWA250_1000 gave rise to a reduction in osteoblast cell response (see Figure 7) and could be attributed to the samples becoming too hydrophilic (see Table 1) in which the modified nylon 6,6 surfaces were not sufficient to promote an enhanced osteoblast cell response. That is, materials that are too hydrophilic are well known for their cell-repellant properties and hinder the initial protein adsorption needed for a positive cell response [18,32]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wettability and osteoblast cell response modulation through UV laser processing of nylon 6,6

Waugh

Lawrence

2011

Applied Surface Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1522 668891 -AbstractWith an ageing population the demand for cheap, efficient implants is ever increasing. Laser surface treatment offers a unique means of varying biomimetic properties to determine generic parameters to predict cell responses. This paper details how a KrF excimer laser can be employed for both laser-induced patterning and whole area irradiative processing to modulate the wettability characteristics and osteoblast cell response following 24 hour and 4 day incubation. Through white light interferometry (WLI) it was found that the surface roughness had considerably increased by up to 1.5 µm for the laser-induced patterned samples and remained somewhat constant at around 0.1 µm for the whole area irradiative processed samples. A sessile drop device determined that the wettability characteristics differed between the surface treatments. For the patterned samples the contact angle, θ, increased by up to 25° which can be attributed to a mixed-state wetting regime.For the whole area irradiative processed samples θ decreased owed to an increase in polar component, γ P . For all samples θ was a decreasing function of the surface energy. The laser whole area irradiative processed samples gave rise to a distinct correlative trend between the cell response, θ and γ P . However, no strong relationship was determined for the laser-induced patterned samples due to the mixed-state wetting regime. As a result, owed to the relationships and evidence of cell differentiation one can deduce that laser whole area irradiative processing is an attractive technology for employment within regenerative medicine to meet the demands of an ageing population.Keywords: Excimer laser, nylon 6,6, wettability, osteoblast cells, bioactivity, regenerative medicine. -IntroductionIt has been realized worldwide within the scientific community and various industries that lasers offer major advantages over alternative techniques for materials processing [1][2][3][4]. Some of the main advantages of using a laser for materials processing are:• Relative cleanliness.• Accurate processing.o Allows much control over the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) due to the ability of relative precise control over the thermal profile and thermal penetration/absorption.• Precise placement of the beam onto the target material allowing user specified areas of the target material to be processed.• Post-processing techniques required are usually minimal.• Non-contact processing.• Automation (repeatability) of the various processing techniques using a laser is relatively easy to implement.With a large number of different lasers now commercially available it is possible for one to deduce that almost all materials can be processed using a laser due to the wide range of laser parameters that can be utilized. With the many benefits of using lasers for materials processing it has been found that the interest in laser-induced surface treatment has grown, especially within the biomedical industry. This is due to the fact that lasers offer the user a highly selective, rapid...

show abstract

“…For samples CWA102 and CWA128 it was found through wettability characteristic analysis that the surface had become more hydrophilic and could suggest that by making the nylon 6,6 surface too hydrophilic, osteoblast cell response was hindered. That is, materials that are too hydrophilic are well known for their cell-repellant properties and hinder the initial protein adsorption needed for a positive cell response [1,35]. Another aspect that should be taken into consideration is that samples CWA102 and CWA128 were irradiated with high fluences (102 and 128 Jcm -2 ) and as such 'over-melting' would likely have occurred, allowing toxic elements to form at the surface [36].…”

Section: -Effects Of Co 2 Laser Processing On Wettability Characterismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On account of the population living longer and biotechnology having the potential to improve quality of life there is an ever increasing interest in this field [1][2][3][4][5][6]. More times than not there usually has to be a compromise between bulk and surface properties when determining the best polymeric materials to use [7,8].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoblast cell response to a CO2 laser modified polymeric material

Waugh

Lawrence

Brown

2012

Optics and Lasers in Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-AbstractLasers are an efficient technology which can be applied for the surface treatment of polymeric biomaterials to enhance insufficient surface properties. That is, the surface chemistry and topography of biomaterials can be modulated to increase the biofunctionality of that material. By employing CO 2 laser patterning and whole area processing of nylon 6,6 this paper details how the surface properties were significantly modified. Samples which had undergone whole area processing followed current theory in that the advancing contact angle, θ, with water decreased and the polar component, γ p , increased upon an increase in surface roughness. For the patterned samples it was observed that θ increased and γ P decreased. This did not follow current theory and can be explained by a mixed-state wetting regime. By seeding osteoblast cells onto the samples for 24 hours and 4 days the laser surface treatment gave rise to modulated cell response. For the laser whole area processing, θ and γ P correlated with the observed cell count and cover density. Owed to the wetting regime, the patterned samples did not give rise to any correlative trend. As a result, CO 2 laser whole area processing is more likely to allow one to predict biofunctionality prior to cell seeding. What is more, for all samples, cell differentiation was evidenced. On account of this and the modulation in cell response, it has been shown that laser surface treatment lends itself to changing the biofunctional properties of nylon 6,6.Keywords: Laser surface treatment, osteoblast cells, wettability, nylon 6,6, bioactivity. -IntroductionOn account of the population living longer and biotechnology having the potential to improve quality of life there is an ever increasing interest in this field [1][2][3][4][5][6]. More times than not there usually has to be a compromise between bulk and surface properties when determining the best polymeric materials to use [7,8]. In most cases the bulk properties are seen more in favour over those surface properties required [8]. As a result of this, surface properties are not sufficient in terms of the level of bioactivity required giving rise to clinical failure of the implant [9]. Leading on from this, there is a necessity of developing a technique to change the surface properties to enhance and predict the cell response.Through prior research other methods such as plasmas [10][11][12][13], photochemical techniques [14][15][16] and coating technologies [3,[17][18][19] offer the ability to vary the physiochemical properties of the polymer surface without changing the bulk properties. These various techniques have the ability to improve cell growth and adhesion on polymeric biomaterials; however controlled, precise modification is lacking from the methods named. Laser surface treatment offers the ability to vary the physiochemical surface properties simultaneously with considerably more control and accuracy in comparison to the other possible techniques [20,21]. Furthermore, lasers offer a convenient means of modifying ...

show abstract

Gradient polymer surfaces for biomedical applications

Cited by 212 publications

References 145 publications

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

Wettability and osteoblast cell response modulation through UV laser processing of nylon 6,6

Osteoblast cell response to a CO2 laser modified polymeric material

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About