Abstract:Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been established as a minimally invasive treatment option for removal of kidney stones. The aim of this research was to compare complications and surgical outcomes of standard PCNL with tubeless PCNL. Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, 50 consecutive patients with kidney stone were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. In the control group, a nephrostomy was placed at the end of PCNL and in the intervention group, nephr… Show more
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