Graded reversible opening of the rat blood–brain barrier by intracarotid infusion of sodium caprate

Ex vivo and in vivo diffusion of ropivacaine through spinal meninges: Influence of absorption enhancers

“…This study showed that sodium caprate increased ropivacaine diffusion through spinal meninges in vivo. These findings are consistent with the action of caprate on rat blood-brain barrier (Preston et al, 2008), in human keratinocytes and reconstructed epidermis (Kurasawa et al, 2009). In fact, Preston et al (2008) showed that caprate infusion of 15-25 mM, 2 ml/min for 1 min, conduced to reliable dose-related openings that lasted 1 h, these openings were reversible and produced little or moderate edema, depending on dose.…”

Acute anticonvulsant effects of capric acid in seizure tests in mice

“…Of note, increasing the number of carbons should be expected to result in higher efficacy (Chang et al, 2013;Nakamura et al, 1990), which is not the case when CA8 and CA10 (present study) are compared. Of note, CA10 has been reported, albeit at higher doses, to affect the blood-brain-barrier by making it more permeable to drugs (Del Vecchio et al, 2012;Ohnishi et al, 1999;Preston et al, 2008). If that were the case in the present study, CA10 would make PTZ to more rapidly entering the brain, which is predicted to result in shorter latencies to convulsions given there is a positive correlation between rate of uptake of PTZ into the brain and latencies to PTZ-induced convulsions (Yonekawa et al, 1980).…”

Trends in drug delivery through tissue barriers containing tight junctions

“…After intraduodenal administration, the uptake of nucleotide prodrugs into the liver was enhanced (C 10 : 86 mg/kg) 49 . Intracarotid injections of C 10 lead to a transient, reversible and molecular weight-dependent opening of the blood-brain barrier in the rat, beginning 5 min after injection 50 , 51 . After epidural injection of C 10 with the anesthetic ropivacaine, the maximal intrathecal concentration of ropivacaine was elevated 52 .…”