GRADED‐BED SEQUENCES EMPLACED BY TURBIDITY CURRENTS NORTH OF 20°N IN THE PACIFIC, ATLANTIC AND MEDITERRANEAN<sup>1</sup>

Horn, D. R.; Ewing, John; Ewing, Maurice

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1972.tb00014.x

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The cascade-feeding system of the Hellenic Arc does not seem to prevent the terrigeneous detritus from reaching the trench as shown elsewhere (Horn et al 1972;Scholl 1974;Scholl & Marlow 1974). This is certainly the result of the alternation of periods of active reworking and periods of relative dormancy.…”

Section: Thickness and Rates Of Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sedimentary processes on the west Hellenic Arc margin

Got¹

1984

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SUM M ARY: High-resolution seismic surveys across the western Hellenic Arc show that the Plio-Quaternary cover is highly discontinuous along most of the margin. The slope displays a series of basins separated by ridges generally devoid of sediment. Sedimentological analyses of the recent sediment permit the origin and processes of sedimentation to be defined. The sediments provided by a specific area on land are successively trapped, released by the slope basins and transferred via channels and canyons towards the deeper trench basins. Several main provinces can be distinguished. Each of them includes one or more slope basins and trenches without either lateral connection or the mixing of sediment inputs. The diversity and complexity of sedimentary structures, the granulometric characters, and the variability in rates of sedimentation argue for the prevalence of mass gravity processes. The transfer of sediment from the upper slope basins to the outer trench is effected by an alternation of short periods of giant mudflows and regular but slight reworking between slope basins. This cascade-feeding process, characteristic of the Hellenic subduction margin, does not appear to prevent terrigenous material from reaching the deep trenches. We compare this briefly with sedimentation on passive margins in the western Mediterranean Basin.

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Section: Thickness and Rates Of Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sedimentary processes on the west Hellenic Arc margin

Got¹

1984

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“…The sedimentary fill of many deep sea basins consists of alternating layers of sandsilt and fine-grained sediments (Initial Reports of the DSDP, 1969-73). While there is a consensus of opinion that the sand-silt layers have been emplaced by turbidity currents (Beall & Fischer, 1969;Horn, Ewing & Ewing, 1972;Piper, 1973;Moore, 1974), there is less agreement concerning the mode of deposition of the fine-grained layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The abyssal plain is the surface of a sedimentary fill, estimated to be 300-400 m thick (Horn et al, 1972). The main sources of terrigenous sediment in the AlgCro-Balearic Basin are wadies along the margin of North Africa, the Strait of Sicily and the southeastern Iberian and Balearic platforms (Leclaire, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of fine‐grained sediments in the abyssal environment of the Algéro‐Balearic Basin, Western Mediterranean Sea

Rupke

1975

Sedimentology

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Two depositional processes control the mud accumulation on the southern Balearic Abyssal Plain: pelagic settling at a rate of 10 cm/1000 years, and turbidity currents at an average frequency of > 3 per 2000 years. Thermo‐haline bottom flow has little effect on the abyssal sediment distribution. Just over half of the Late Quaternary section is made up of turbidite mud. Distinctive properties of turbidite mud are: structural, textural, and compositional continuity from the underlying turbidite sand‐silt layer into the overlying mud, grading within the mud layer, a ratio of carbonate percent with the underlying turbidite sand‐silt layer of about 0.5, and a proportion of sand of > 1%. Those of (hemi)pelagic mud are: bioturbation, an average of 8% of sand consisting largely of remains of foraminifera and pteropods, a grain size distribution which is virtually normal with a median around 9 φ, and very poor sorting; in general, the properties of (hemi)pelagic muds are the same in widely separated localities and depths in cores. In some instances the clay mineral ratios of the turbidite mud layer are markedly different from those of the overlying (hemi)pelagic mud layer.

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“…This is further supported by the nature of the turbidite sediment in Mirrol Trough which is essentially calcilutite with coarse fraction consisting of foraminifers and some ice-rafted particles. These sediments differ markedly from terrigenous sediments of the nearby Biscay Abyssal Plain and Tberia Abyssal Plain (Laughton, 1960;Davidson & Keen, 1963;Heezen & Laughton, 1963;Horn, Ewing & Ewing, 1972). Also the bathymetric map (Fig.…”

Section: Sediment Sources and Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 88%

Sedimentation in a closed trough north of the Iberia Abyssal Plain in the northeast Atlantic†

Addy

Kagami

1979

Sedimentology

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Mirrol Trough of the northeast Atlantic contains five NNE‐SSW trending, en echelon, turbidite‐filled basins deeper than 5500 m, each ranging from 4 to 10 km in width and 19 to 65 km in length. Trough deposition has consisted mainly of turbidites from adjacent hills and ridges as indicated by the physiography of the region, sediment isopach map, the nature of the sediments in the trough, and benthic foraminiferal depth indicator species. The sedimentation rate on abyssal hills and ridges, as deduced from palaeomagnetic evidence, is 1.36 cm/103 years. Using this sedimentation rate, it is estimated that Mirrol Trough subsided relative to the surrounding area and began receiving sediments between 8.3 and 11.5 m.y. ago; and the deposition of the most recent turbidite has occurred sometime between 29,000 and 44,000 years b.p. Tilting of the base of the most recent turbidite with respect to the basin floor is observed, and this is attributed to relative sinking of the eastern margin of the trough after the deposition of the most recent turbidite.

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GRADED‐BED SEQUENCES EMPLACED BY TURBIDITY CURRENTS NORTH OF 20°N IN THE PACIFIC, ATLANTIC AND MEDITERRANEAN¹

Cited by 30 publications

References 66 publications

Sedimentary processes on the west Hellenic Arc margin

Sedimentary processes on the west Hellenic Arc margin

Deposition of fine‐grained sediments in the abyssal environment of the Algéro‐Balearic Basin, Western Mediterranean Sea

Sedimentation in a closed trough north of the Iberia Abyssal Plain in the northeast Atlantic†

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GRADED‐BED SEQUENCES EMPLACED BY TURBIDITY CURRENTS NORTH OF 20°N IN THE PACIFIC, ATLANTIC AND MEDITERRANEAN1

Cited by 30 publications

References 66 publications

Sedimentary processes on the west Hellenic Arc margin

Sedimentary processes on the west Hellenic Arc margin

Deposition of fine‐grained sediments in the abyssal environment of the Algéro‐Balearic Basin, Western Mediterranean Sea

Sedimentation in a closed trough north of the Iberia Abyssal Plain in the northeast Atlantic†

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GRADED‐BED SEQUENCES EMPLACED BY TURBIDITY CURRENTS NORTH OF 20°N IN THE PACIFIC, ATLANTIC AND MEDITERRANEAN¹