GRACE, TIMI, Zwolle and CADILLAC risk scores — Do they predict 5-year outcomes after ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated invasively?

Kozieradzka, Anna; Kamiński, Karol; Maciorkowska, Dominika; Olszewska, Magdalena A.; Dobrzycki, Sławomir; Nowak, Konrad; Kralisz, Paweł; Prokopczuk, Przemysław; Musiał, Włodzimierz J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.10.026

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Based on the available literature, every fifth patient with STEMI admitted to the hospital dies within a 5-year follow-up. 23 Therefore, even a small reduction in relative risk results in a pronounced influence on absolute risk. This fact increases the potential for genotype-tailored interventions in clinical practice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rs9982601 polymorphism of the region between the SLC5A3/MRPS6 and KCNE2 genes associated with a prevalence of myocardial infarction and subsequent long-term mortality

Szpakowicz¹,

Kiliszek²,

Pepiński³

et al. 2015

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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INTRODUCTION rs9982601 (C>T) is a polymorphism of the noncoding region between the SLC5A3/ MRPS6 and KCNE2 genes. It has been shown to be associated with early-onset myocardial infarction (MI) with T as a risk allele.OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to investigate the association of the rs9982601 polymorphism with long-term overall mortality from MI and prevalence of MI in a Polish population. PATIENTS AND METHODSThe study involved patients with MI treated invasively. Individuals who underwent paternity testing served as a population group. Genotyping was performed by the TaqMan method. The analyzed endpoint was the overall long-term mortality.RESULTS The study group comprised 981 patients (mean age, 62.8 ±12.1 years; 259 women [26.4%]). The percentages of TT, CT, and CC genotypes were 3.1%, 25.6%, and 71.3%, respectively, in the whole group, and 2.4%, 16.8%, and 80.8% (P = 0.01) in the population group (n = 167). During follow-up (median, 1826 days), 157 patients died (16%). No significant differences were observed between the genotypes either in clinical characteristics or in mortality. However, in a subgroup of high-risk patients (GRACE risk score of 155 points or higher, n = 428), low-risk CC homozygotes had a significantly better survival rate compared with the other genotypes (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.96; P = 0.03).CONCLUSIONS We showed that the rs9982601 polymorphism of the region between SLC5A3/MRPS6 and KCNE2 genes is associated with long-term mortality in high-risk patients after MI. Additionally, our study supports the previous reports on the correlation of this polymorphism with the prevalence of MI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rs9982601 polymorphism of the region between the SLC5A3/MRPS6 and KCNE2 genes associated with a prevalence of myocardial infarction and subsequent long-term mortality

Szpakowicz¹,

Kiliszek²,

Pepiński³

et al. 2015

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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“…Several notable risk scoring models have been developed to help the clinician in risk stratification such as the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) [26], Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) [27], and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores [28]. Of them, the GRACE risk score is widely accepted, relatively simple to assess, and more effective in estimation of future outcomes after acute coronary syndromes [28,29]. In accordance with previous research results, our study showed that the GRACE risk score could independently predict clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil count improves the GRACE risk score prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Wan¹,

Zhang²,

Fan³

et al. 2015

Atherosclerosis

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“…The CADILLAC risk score was tested originally for 6 month mortality. The risk score was tested along with two other risk scores to determine 5 year outcomes in STEMI patients treated with PCI (Kozieradska et al, 2009). The sample size consisted of primarily female (24.5%) …”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only risk score that did not perform as well was the GRACE score (C statistic 0.47). In a study comparing TIM, GRACE and CADILLAC and the risk score ZWOLLE (N = 505) exploring outcomes after 5 years post STEMI treated with PCI, the GRACE risk score had the highest prognostic accuracy both for 30 days and 5 years (C statistic 0.869 and 0.742 (Kozieradska et al, 2009).…”

Section: Contrasted Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing risk post intervention for an acute coronary syndrome: A review of the risk assessment tools and their development

Scruth¹,

Worrall‐Carter²,

Cheng³

et al. 2012

Contemporary Nurse

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Considerable variability in survival rate after an acute myocardial infarction exists and accurate risk stratification is of significant importance. The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association has recommended early risk stratification using several clinical risk scoring instruments to identify high risk patients. The aim of this paper is to identify secondary cardiovascular risk scoring instruments that could be utilized at the time of intervention for acute coronary syndromes and compare their psychometric properties as they were developed. A search using Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection databases identified studies published between January 1990 and January 2010 used to measure risk after intervention for acute coronary syndrome. Four validated secondary risk prediction scoring instruments were identified for comparison. Secondary risk prediction scoring instruments for the acute coronary syndrome patient population are evidence based, valid and reliable. Use of the instruments by cardiac focused clinicians will aid in the determination of treatment strategies, and estimation of short and long term events and mortality.

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GRACE, TIMI, Zwolle and CADILLAC risk scores — Do they predict 5-year outcomes after ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated invasively?

Cited by 58 publications

References 23 publications

The rs9982601 polymorphism of the region between the SLC5A3/MRPS6 and KCNE2 genes associated with a prevalence of myocardial infarction and subsequent long-term mortality

The rs9982601 polymorphism of the region between the SLC5A3/MRPS6 and KCNE2 genes associated with a prevalence of myocardial infarction and subsequent long-term mortality

Neutrophil count improves the GRACE risk score prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Assessing risk post intervention for an acute coronary syndrome: A review of the risk assessment tools and their development

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