Gräberfeld Franzhausen-Kokoron (UFK)

Lochner, Michaela; Hellerschmid, Irmtraud

doi:10.1553/katalogufk

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The grey, slate-like corrosion layer suggests the object was worn on or near the body during cremation [ 64 ]. A conical object made of folded sheet bronze (2.7) with signs of deformation caused by the funerary fire might represent a clasp used to cover the ends of cords or textiles [ 21 , 65 ]. Fragments of two different types of beads made of bronze wire coils were recovered among the human remains in different locations within the urn (2.8–2.10).…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…St. Po ¨lten is situated in the valley of the Traisen river, a tributary to the Danube approximately 50 km west of Vienna in Lower Austria ( Fig 1). Large cemeteries such as Early Bronze Age Franzhausen and Gemeinlebarn [18,19], as well as Late Bronze Age Franzhausen-Kokoron and Inzersdorf [20,21], are also part of this rich archaeological landscape [22,23].…”

Section: Materials and Micro-excavationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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More than urns: A multi-method pipeline for analyzing cremation burials

Waltenberger,

Bosch,

Fritzl

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Burial rites of archaeological populations are frequently interpreted based on cremated remains of the human body and the urn they were deposited in. In comparison to inhumations, information about the deceased is much more limited and dependent on fragmentation, selection of body regions, taphonomic processes, and excavation techniques. So far, little attention has been paid to the context in which urns are buried. In this study, we combined archaeological techniques with anthropology, computed tomography, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, geochemistry and isotopic approaches and conducted a detailed analysis on a case study of two Late Bronze Age urns from St. Pölten, Austria (c. 1430 and 1260 cal. BCE). The urns were recovered en-bloc and CT-scanned before the micro-excavation. Osteological and strontium isotope analysis revealed that the cremated remains comprised a young adult female and a child that died at the age of 10–12 years. Both individuals had been subject to physiological stress and were likely local. Animal bones burnt at different temperatures suggested different depositional pathways into the urn and pit as part of the pyre, food offerings, and unintentional settlement debris. Eight wild plant and five crop plant species appeared as part of the local landscape, as food offerings and fire accelerants. Sediment chemistry suggests that pyre remains were deposited around the urns during burial. Multi-element geochemistry, archaeobotany, and zooarchaeology provide insights into the Late Bronze Age environment, the process of cremation, the gathering of bones and final funerary deposition.

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Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Micro-excavationmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than urns: A multi-method pipeline for analyzing cremation burials

Waltenberger,

Bosch,

Fritzl

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…The cemetery of Inzersdorf included a total of 273 scattered cremation and urn burials (Lochner, 2013), 121 individuals were identified as subadults. The cemetery of Franzhausen-Kokoron comprised 403 cremation graves, which were recovered in the course of rescue excavations between 1981 and 1991 (Lochner & Hellerschmid, 2009;Lochner & Hellerschmid, 2016). 236 individuals were identified as adults and 93 as subadults.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral angle: A landmark‐based method for the sex estimation in human cremated remains and application to an Austrian prehistoric sample

Waltenberger,

Heimel,

Skerjanz

et al. 2023

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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ObjectivesEstimating the sex of cremated human remains is difficult. The petrous bone frequently survives the cremation due to its density. Wahl observed the lateral angle to be sexually dimorphic in the 1980s. Previous studies showed various cut‐off points to separate females from males, which are hardly replicable and difficult to apply. We want to test the Wahl method and compare it to a new landmark‐based version.Materials and MethodsIn this study, we measured the lateral angle of 35 cremated petrous bones from late bronze age Austria using micro‐CT scans. Technical errors of measurement were calculated for two different methods to intersect the internal acoustic meatus virtually in the midline (manual or landmark‐based intersection). Furthermore, sex was estimated based on morphological features and metric measurements. This information was used in logistic regression modeling to define a cut‐off point in our sample.ResultsThe technical errors of measurement suggested that a landmark‐based method was more precise in comparison to a manual intersection which was much more intuitive. Inter‐ and intra‐observer errors were low which improved reliability. The logistic regression model produced good results in our sample (p = 0.02, R2 = 0.38, accuracy = 0.8). The mean lateral angle was similar to studies which focused on prehistoric cremated petrous bones.DiscussionThe proposed landmark‐based method was precise, quick, and could be easily applied, even by unexperienced researchers. The size of the lateral angle seemed to be population‐specific but also dependent on the method applied. We recommend to use the proposed landmark‐based method which is more precise.

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“…Feeding vessels from Lower Austria include one from Franzhausen-Kokoron, Grave 344 (9; Lochner and Hellerschmid 2016 ), shaped like a miniature conical necked vessel with a short, narrow spout which was found together with the cremated remains of a 0.5–3-year-old child in an urn; two accessory vessels were placed next to the urn. Little is known of the context of the small vessel measuring c .…”

Section: The Sampled Vessels In Their Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Babies at the Beginnings of Urbanization in Central Europe

Rebay‐Salisbury

Dunne

Salisbury

et al. 2021

Childhood in the Past

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Small ceramic vessels with spouts, from which liquid can be poured, became popular during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages in Central Europe (c. 1200-600 BC). Such feeding vessels represent a functional type and are highly variable in size, shape and decoration. Found both on settlements and within graves, their association with child burials suggest they might have been used to feed babies and small children. Combined lipid and isotope analysis was performed on 24 of these feeding vessels, with seven delivering interpretable results. Feeding vessels associated with child burials tend to deliver a ruminant milk signal, whereas other vessels were used to process ruminant and non-ruminant adipose fats. Here, we highlight the potential significance of feeding vessels as indicators of changing childcare practices during times of population increase, settlement nucleation and mobility, possibly involving out-sourcing the feeding of babies and small children to persons other than the mother.

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Gräberfeld Franzhausen-Kokoron (UFK)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

More than urns: A multi-method pipeline for analyzing cremation burials

More than urns: A multi-method pipeline for analyzing cremation burials

Lateral angle: A landmark‐based method for the sex estimation in human cremated remains and application to an Austrian prehistoric sample

Feeding Babies at the Beginnings of Urbanization in Central Europe

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