GPX2 Gene Affects Feed Efficiency of Pigs by Inhibiting Fat Deposition and Promoting Muscle Development

Abstract

GPX2 has been recognized as a potential candidate gene for feed efficiency in pigs. This article aimed to elucidate polymorphism of GPX2 associated with feed efficiency and its related molecular mechanism. In this study, seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of GPX2 were found among 383 Duroc pigs. In addition, seven SNPs and ALGA0043483 (PorcineSNP60 BeadChip data in 600 Duroc pigs), which are near the GPX2 gene, were identified in one haplotypes block. Furthermore, associated studies showed that the genotype of GPX2 has significant association with weaning weight and 100 kg BF in Duroc pigs. In addition, the AG had no effect when the backfat became thinner, and the FCR and RFI traits had a tendency to decrease in the G3 + TT combination genotype, accompanied by an increase of GPX2 expression in backfat and muscle tissues. At the cellular level, the adipocyte proliferation and ability of adipogenic differentiation were reduced, and the lipid degradation increased in 3T3-L1 when there was overexpression of GPX2. In contrast, overexpression of the GPX2 gene can promote the muscle cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells. In other words, GPX2 has the effect of reducing fat deposition and promoting muscle development, and it is a candidate gene for backfat and feed efficiency.

STC2 Inhibits Hepatic Lipid Synthesis and Correlates with Intramuscular Fatty Acid Composition, Body Weight and Carcass Traits in Chickens

“…In mammals, liver and adipose tissue serve as the main sites of lipid synthesis; e.g., in pigs, fatty acid synthesis occurs mainly in adipose tissue, whereas, in chickens, liver tissue is the major organ for lipid de novo synthesis [49][50][51][52]. Excessive fat deposition reduces feed remuneration and restricts the development of the poultry industry to a certain extent [53]. We found that the STC2 gene was specifically highly expressed in chicken liver tissues.…”

Overexpression of GPX2 gene regulates the development of porcine preadipocytes and skeletal muscle cells through MAPK signaling pathway

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of GPX2 to control cell division and proliferation [ 10 , 12 , 13 ]. However, the majority of GPX2 cell proliferation research being done now focuses on cancer and other issues [ 14 , 15 ], and the effects on porcine adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells have not been reported.…”

“…To put it briefly, GPX2 encourages the growth of muscle and prevents the accumulation of fat. Furthermore, our earlier research discovered that the combination genotype G3 increased the expression of GPX2 in several organs [ 10 ]. Thus, selecting people with high GPX2 genes may be accomplished by using genetic approaches to identify the SNPs boosting GPX2 expression.…”

“…A genome-wide association study (GWAS) suggested that GPX2 plays an major role in residual feed intake (RFI) trait [ 9 ]. Additionally, our earlier research shown a substantial correlation between the kind of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation in the GPX2 gene and the average daily gain and thickness of the backfat in Duroc pigs [ 10 ]. Nevertheless, little research has been done on the function of GPX2 genes in the formation of skeletal muscle in pig adipocytes.…”