GPU-based multi-volume ray casting within VTK for medical applications

Bozorgi, Mohammadmehdi; Lindseth, Frank

doi:10.1007/s11548-014-1069-x

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As is shown in Table 3, LCC [31] is short for linear correlation coefficient, and SROCC [32] is short for Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient, which are both evaluation indexes to measure the similarity between drawn image and real image. The structural similarity theory is simplified as SSIM [33], whose value is between 0 and 1.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Distance Functions On Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The larger LCC, SROCC, and SSIM value indicate the higher similarity between the drawn image and the real value of the original image. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) [32] measures the ratio of useful information and noise in an image. For the same image, the larger the signal-to-noise ratio is, the smaller the noise is, and the higher the image quality is.…”

Section: Influence Of Different Distance Functions On Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Ray-Casting Algorithm Using Dynamic Adaptive Sampling

Wang

Pan

et al. 2020

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Ray-casting algorithm is an important volume rendering algorithm, which is widely used in medical image processing. Aiming to address the shortcomings of the current ray-casting algorithms in 3D reconstruction of medical images, such as slow rendering speed and low sampling efficiency, an improved algorithm based on dynamic adaptive sampling is proposed. By using the central difference gradient method, the corresponding sampling interval is obtained dynamically according to the different sampling points. Meanwhile, a new rendering operator is proposed based on the color value and opacity changes before and after the ray enters the volume element, and the resistance luminosity. Compared with the state of other algorithms, experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper has a faster rendering speed while ensuring the quality of the generated image.

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Section: Influence Of Different Distance Functions On Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Different Distance Functions On Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Ray-Casting Algorithm Using Dynamic Adaptive Sampling

Wang

Pan

et al. 2020

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…One of the current limitations of PRISM is the requirement that all volumes rendered simultaneously share the same bounding box. In the future, we will implement support for non-aligned volumes based on the solution proposed by Bozorgi et al [ 47 ]. Another simple feature to add is support for multi-dimensional transfer functions.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 46 ] proposed a VTK class that can simultaneously render 2 volumes and later, Bozorgi et al . [ 47 ] extended the idea to support an arbitrary number of volumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PRISM: An open source framework for the interactive design of GPU volume rendering shaders

Drouin

Collins

2018

PLoS ONE

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Direct volume rendering has become an essential tool to explore and analyse 3D medical images. Despite several advances in the field, it remains a challenge to produce an image that highlights the anatomy of interest, avoids occlusion of important structures, provides an intuitive perception of shape and depth while retaining sufficient contextual information. Although the computer graphics community has proposed several solutions to address specific visualization problems, the medical imaging community still lacks a general volume rendering implementation that can address a wide variety of visualization use cases while avoiding complexity. In this paper, we propose a new open source framework called the Programmable Ray Integration Shading Model, or PRISM, that implements a complete GPU ray-casting solution where critical parts of the ray integration algorithm can be replaced to produce new volume rendering effects. A graphical user interface allows clinical users to easily experiment with pre-existing rendering effect building blocks drawn from an open database. For programmers, the interface enables real-time editing of the code inside the blocks. We show that in its default mode, the PRISM framework produces images very similar to those produced by a widely-adopted direct volume rendering implementation in VTK at comparable frame rates. More importantly, we demonstrate the flexibility of the framework by showing how several volume rendering techniques can be implemented in PRISM with no more than a few lines of code. Finally, we demonstrate the simplicity of our system in a usability study with 5 medical imaging expert subjects who have none or little experience with volume rendering. The PRISM framework has the potential to greatly accelerate development of volume rendering for medical applications by promoting sharing and enabling faster development iterations and easier collaboration between engineers and clinical personnel.

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“…However, VTK still lacks multivolume rendering as reported by the visualization literature and extensions for multivolume visualization, for instance,12 have not found their way into the framework yet. Research platforms, such as 3D Slicer13 and the Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit (MITK)14 which are tailored to medical applications often use VTK as basis for the visualization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of 4D multimodal imaging data and its applications in radiotherapy planning

Schlachter

Fechter

Adebahr

et al. 2017

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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PurposeTo explore the benefit of using 4D multimodal visualization and interaction techniques for defined radiotherapy planning tasks over a treatment planning system used in clinical routine (C‐TPS) without dedicated 4D visualization.MethodsWe developed a 4D visualization system (4D‐VS) with dedicated rendering and fusion of 4D multimodal imaging data based on a list of requirements developed in collaboration with radiation oncologists. We conducted a user evaluation in which the benefits of our approach were evaluated in comparison to C‐TPS for three specific tasks: assessment of internal target volume (ITV) delineation, classification of tumor location in peripheral or central, and assessment of dose distribution. For all three tasks, we presented test cases for which we measured correctness, certainty, consistency followed by an additional survey regarding specific visualization features.ResultsLower quality of the test ITVs (ground truth quality was available) was more likely to be detected using 4D‐VS. ITV ratings were more consistent in 4D‐VS and the classification of tumor location had a higher accuracy. Overall evaluation of the survey indicates 4D‐VS provides better spatial comprehensibility and simplifies the tasks which were performed during testing.ConclusionsThe use of 4D‐VS has improved the assessment of ITV delineations and classification of tumor location. The visualization features of 4D‐VS have been identified as helpful for the assessment of dose distribution during user testing.

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GPU-based multi-volume ray casting within VTK for medical applications

Abstract: A GPU-based MVRC for VTK is a useful tool in medical visualization. The proposed multi-volume GPU-based ray caster for VTK provided high-quality images at reasonable frame rates. The MVRC was effective when used in a neurosurgical navigation application.

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

A Novel Ray-Casting Algorithm Using Dynamic Adaptive Sampling

A Novel Ray-Casting Algorithm Using Dynamic Adaptive Sampling

PRISM: An open source framework for the interactive design of GPU volume rendering shaders

Visualization of 4D multimodal imaging data and its applications in radiotherapy planning

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