“…Limited by scale, it is difficult for 3D terrain models generated based on DEMs to express the local detailed features of watersheds. To enhance the visual and interactive quality of digital watershed platforms, the technology to establish a watershed VGE has drawn broad attention (Carmona & Froehlich, 2011; Chen, Lu, & Wu, 2004; Cheng, Li, Nie, & Li, 2018; Fan & Li, 2017; Gao, Yuan, & Gan, 2018; Huang, Mao, Xu, Li, & Lei, 2006; Lin, Chen, & Lü, 2012; Lin et al., 2013; Lü, Chen, Yuan, & Zhou, 2017; Piccand, Noumeir, & Paquette, 2008; Xie et al., 2011; Zhu, 2014). Fine models of some elements (e.g., buildings and water conservancy facilities) were commonly overlaid on the basis of a 3D terrain model (Chen et al., 2004; Huang et al., 2006), so that the detailed features of watersheds can be expressed.…”