GPS derived crustal deformation analysis of Kachchh, zone of 2001(M7.7) earthquake, Western India

Dumka, Rakesh K.; Chopra, Sumer; Prajapati, Sandip

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2019.01.032

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We have analyzed 265 geodetic data sets from India (Banerjee et al, 2008; Dumka et al, 2019; Gahalaut et al, 2013, 2018; Jade et al, 2017; Mahesh, Catherine, et al, 2012; Mahesh, Gahalaut, et al, 2012; Mallick et al, 2019), Bangladesh (Mallick et al, 2019; Steckler et al, 2016), Myanmar (Aung et al, 2016; Mallick et al, 2019; Maurin et al, 2010; Socquet et al, 2006; Vigny et al, 2003), and Sunda plate (or also called Sundaland platelet) (Simons et al, 2007; Vigny et al, 2003; Yong et al, 2017) covering the entire IBA and adjacent region (Figure 1a). In order to minimize reference frame bias in our analysis, we transformed all these data into a uniform and consistent reference frame, ITRF2014, using the National Geodetic Survey's horizontal time‐dependent positioning tool (https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/TOOLS/Htdp/Htdp.shtml), instead of solving for the Helmert transformation parameters as it needs several common sites which are lacking in this case (Hessami et al, 2006; Nocquet, 2012).…”

Section: Analysis and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

India‐Sunda Plate Motion, Crustal Deformation, and Seismic Hazard in the Indo‐Burmese Arc

et al. 2020

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Plate motion along the Indo‐Burmese Arc (IBA), strain accommodation in the Indo‐Burmese wedge, status of active convergence and seismic vulnerability in the outer wedge, is a matter of concern due to the large population density in northeast India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. In the present study, we have constrained the India‐Sunda plate motion by estimating the Euler pole using updated GPS observations from the region. Our estimated India‐Sunda relative plate motion at a point on the blind megathrust (24°N and 90°E) in Bangladesh constrains India‐Sunda relative motion at ~37 mm/year oriented along N11°E. This motion is partitioned among three major active units, namely, the Sagaing Fault (~18 mm/year), Churachandpur‐Mao Fault (~17 mm/year), and the blind megathrust (~7 mm/year), from west to east of the IBA, respectively. Our estimate of convergence across the blind megathrust is significantly lower than that estimated earlier. Due to large scatter in the data close to the updip edge of the blind megathrust, it is not certain whether it is accommodated through shallow creep or in stick‐slip manner, thus leading to uncertainty in the seismic hazard in this densely populated region.

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Section: Analysis and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

India‐Sunda Plate Motion, Crustal Deformation, and Seismic Hazard in the Indo‐Burmese Arc

et al. 2020

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“…The outliers were down‐weighted from the generated time‐series (Figure S1) to obtain a consistent set of coordinates for the velocity estimation. Furthermore, the results of (Dumka et al, 2019; Gahalaut et al, 2019) were jointly analysed with the results of present study. The methodology of GPS data processing in the present study is similar to the studies (Banerjee et al, 2008; Dumka et al, 2019; Dumka, Kotlia, Kothyari, et al, 2018; Dumka, Suribabu, Kotlia, et al, 2022; Dumka, Suribabu, Narain, et al, 2022; Jade et al, 2014, 2017; John et al, 2021; Kannaujiya et al, 2021; Saji et al, 2020; Yadav et al, 2021) for the Indian Plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The outliers were down-weighted from the generated time-series (Figure S1) to obtain a consistent set of coordinates for the velocity estimation. Furthermore, the results of (Dumka et al, 2019;Gahalaut et al, 2019) were jointly analysed with the results of present study.…”

Section: Gnss Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tectonically, the KRB constitute Island Belt Fault (IBF), Gedi Fault (GF), North Wagad Fault (NWF), South Wagad Fault (SWF), Kachchh Mainland Fault (KMF), Katrol Hill Fault (KHF), Vigodi Fault (VF), Gora Dungar Fault (GDF) in between the NKF to NPF and most of them are E-W trending (Biswas, 1987(Biswas, , 1993(Biswas, , 2005Kothyari et al, 2018) (Figure 1). The zone located in the vicinity of 2001 (M7.7) event reveals enhanced strain and seismicity in the KRB and indicates the active nature of faults in the central-eastern KRB (Dumka et al, 2019;Dumka & Rastogi, 2013;Kothyari et al, 2018;Suribabu et al, 2022). The E-W trending Island Belt Fault (IBF) towards the north is supposed to be responsible for the uplift of Bela, Khadir and Pachham Islands (Biswas, 1987(Biswas, , 2005(Biswas, , 2016Biswas & Deshpande, 1970;Dumka, Kotlia, Kothyari, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the long‐term compression (≈4 mm/year from north and south) of the Kachchh region has been estimated (Dumka et al, 2019; Gahalaut et al, 2019) based on the continuous mode Global Positioning System (GPS) dataset for almost 8 years of ISR (Institute of Seismological Research) which is less as compared to the Indian plate boundary region (Ader et al, 2012; Bisht et al, 2020; Calais et al, 2006; Dixon et al, 1996; Dumka, Chodhury, Gahalaut, et al, 2018; Dumka, Kotlia, Kumar, & Satyal, 2014; Dumka, Kotlia, Kumar, Satyal, & Joshi, 2014; Dumka, Kotlia, SuriBabu, et al, 2018; Jade et al, 2014, 2017; Mazzotti, 2007; Sella et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GPS and InSAR derived evidences of intra‐basin stress and strike‐slip tectonics in the vicinity of 2001 (M7.7) earthquake, Kachchh, western India

et al. 2022

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The current geodetic investigation is based on nearly a decade of continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) data towards the western part of the Indian Plate (2009–2019). This research focused on the Kachchh Rift Basin (KRB), the seismically most active intra‐plate region of the Indian Plate, which has seen three ≥ M 7.0 earthquakes in the last two centuries. The GPS stations on the northern and southern margins show SSW and NNE directed motion, indicating that the KRB is currently under the influence of regional compressive stress on both flanks and the same is reflected in the form of earthquake activity in the center portion. Furthermore, the existence of intra‐basin stress, in addition to regional stress, increases strain accumulation and results in the creation of a Principal Deformation Zone (PDZ) in the central part of the KRB. The average annual deformation in the middle of KRB remains 1.0 ± 0.5 mm/year, while sites near the South Wagad Fault (SWF) experience 1.2 mm/year of fault parallel motion. The dominant fault normal motion along the flanks with a maximum fault parallel motion in the middle intimates the existence of strike‐slip tectonics in the central Kachchh. The geometric relationship of strike‐slip faults in a compressive margin and strain accumulation in pre‐existing faults (PDZ) is responsible for current strike‐slip and thrust motion in the Kachchh, including the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (M 7.7). Our geodetic model is well‐corroborated with the geological observations of the wrench fault model of strike‐slip faults. PS‐InSAR results in the northern part of the region between Khadir and Bela Islands show ≤6.0 mm of annual LOS displacement. GPS results indicate ≈ 1.3 to 1.4 ± 0.5 mm/year of fault parallel motion along the transverse Ekal Amrapar Fault (EAF). The non‐significant variation in GRACE‐derived TWS values (from 2009 to 2018) rules out non‐tectonic deformation in the vicinity of EAF and thus points to tectonic activity as the cause of the derived deformation in the region.

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Segmentation of continental Indian plate by the Narmada‐Son diffuse plate boundary

et al. 2022

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The Narmada‐Son lineament is a major tectonic feature in Central India. Here we employ data from geodetic measurements of crustal deformation and upper mantle P‐wave travel time tomography and propose that the Narmada‐Son palaeo‐rift is a present‐day diffuse plate boundary that segments the continental part of the Indian “composite” plate into two component plates, the North and South‐Indian plate. Tomographic images reveal that the collision of an indenter, associated with the relatively faster moving South‐Indian plate, with the Narmada‐Son diffuse plate boundary acted as a pivot point exerting a torque on one of the component plates along with mechanical rotation. This new proposal along with a new identity of the Narmada‐Son diffuse plate boundary is in better agreement with the estimated location of the relative Euler pole across two respective component plates. Our model is also able to better explain the Indian “composite” plate hypothesis, diversity in the topographic architecture along the rift, and contrasting deformation styles on either side of the diffuse plate boundary.

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GPS derived crustal deformation analysis of Kachchh, zone of 2001(M7.7) earthquake, Western India

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

India‐Sunda Plate Motion, Crustal Deformation, and Seismic Hazard in the Indo‐Burmese Arc

India‐Sunda Plate Motion, Crustal Deformation, and Seismic Hazard in the Indo‐Burmese Arc

GPS and InSAR derived evidences of intra‐basin stress and strike‐slip tectonics in the vicinity of 2001 (M7.7) earthquake, Kachchh, western India

Segmentation of continental Indian plate by the Narmada‐Son diffuse plate boundary

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