GPR, ERT and CPT data integration for high resolution aquifer modeling

Abstract

It is widely accepted that an integrated characterization approach is necessary to define the geometry, internal structure, material distribution and water composition of aquifers. Multiple geophysical and hydrogeological data were measured in the sub-watershed surrounding a former unlined landfill: hydrogeological data in 25 direct push full-screen wells (slug tests, water conductivity, water levels), 21 km of GPR, 5 km of 2D electrical tomography and 30 cone penetration tests (CPT) with soil moisture resistivity (SMR). The 3D data integration in gOcad facilitates data interpretation and provides the basis for a detailed numerical groundwater flow and transport models.

Constraining 3-D electrical resistance tomography with GPR reflection data for improved aquifer characterization

“…Joint interpretation of different models is common practice (e.g., Bélanger et al, 2010;Bowling et al, 2005;Sandberg et al, 2002), but becomes ambiguous when the models disagree or their resolution properties differ significantly. These problems can be partly avoided by performing joint inversion, which is becoming increasingly used since the development of structural joint inversion (Gallardo and Meju, 2003;Haber and Oldenburg, 1997).…”

“…Surface-based ERT has also been widely used for aquifer characterization (e.g., Koch et al, 2009;Kosinski and Kelly, 1981;Mazac et al, 1987). In a number of studies, surface-based GPR reflection and ERT methods have been combined to improve the characterization of alluvial aquifers (e.g., Bélanger et al, 2010;Bowling et al, 2005Bowling et al, , 2007Sandberg et al, 2002).…”

Geophysical and geotechnical methods for fluvial levee investigation: A review

“…Jardani et al [2007] use joint inversion of SP and conductivity values to detect the preferential infiltration pathways in sinkholes while Cygal et al [2016] use this technique with seismic and gravity data in a geological characterization problematic. Concerning the geotechnical methods, the CPT is a common technique often combined with at least the ERT method [Alvin et al, 2016;Sudha et al, 2009] or more methods such as the GPR [Bélanger et al, 2010] or seismic data [Shan et al, 2014].…”

“…Additional information concerning the CPT and CPTu tests can be found in Lunne et al [1997], in the dedicated standard [ISO, 2012a], in Robertson and Cabal [2015] and in Ameratunga et al [2016]. For levee investigation, the CPT method is usually not used alone but combined with other methods [Bélanger et al, 2010]. The method capability to characterize levee properties is presented in Table 13.…”

Sinkholes in the city of Hamburg—New urban shear-wave reflection seismic system enables high-resolution imaging of subrosion structures

“…Thus, effective geophysical methods for shallow exploration and imaging of local subsurface heterogeneities are required. A variety of geophysical methods such as seismic, geoelectric or ground-penetrating radar surveying are available (see Bélanger et al, 2010;Kirsch, 2009 and references therein). The latest summary with regard to slope instabilities is given by Maurer et al (2010b).…”