Gpi genotypic effect on quantitative traits in the northern bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians

Krause, Maureen K.; Bricelj, V. Monica

doi:10.1007/bf00349230

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Nevertheless, this experiment does not provide statistical support for the importance of heterozygosity in contributing to the success of the high-diversity populations in the field transplantation, or for the success of field populations that persist under elevated water temperature in summer. Although both enzymes have primary functional roles (MDH in the Krebs cycle, GPI in glycolysis) and have been included among loci associated with heterozygote advantage or heterosis (Schaal and Levin 1977, Koehn and Gaffney 1984, Nevo et al 1986, Strauss 1986, Oostermeijer et al 1994, Krause and Bricelj 1995, Toro et al 1996, I considered the IMPORTANCE OF EELGRASS GENETIC DIVERSITY loci as markers of genomic-level differences between plants from natural and transplanted eelgrass in San Diego. Any effect observed might be attributable to the locus itself (Watt 1977) or ones linked to it, but individual loci are unlikely to be correlated directly with quantitative traits such as growth rates (Turelli andGinzburg 1983, Burton 1990a, b).…”

Section: What Are the Consequences Of Reduced Genetic Diversity For Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Genetic Diversity in Eelgrass Transplantations Affects both Population Growth and Individual Fitness

Williams¹

2001

Ecological Applications

125

207

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The transplantation of eelgrass (Zostera marina) for mitigation results in reduced genetic diversity among individuals and populations in southern California, the Chesapeake Bay, and New Hampshire. Although genetic variation determines the potential for eelgrass to adapt to the rapidly changing environment in its coastal and estuarine habitats, genetic considerations are not currently included in mitigation and restoration policy. I investigated where and how genetic diversity is lost during eelgrass transplantation. I then explored associations between genetic diversity and both vegetative propagation and sexual reproduction to evaluate the importance of genetic diversity for short-term population growth.Eelgrass beds used as donor populations vary in genetic diversity, and some have little or no detectable genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is reduced upon transplantation because donor plants are collected from small areas, leading to random sampling errors in selecting stock. This loss can be minimized by using information from regional surveys of genetic diversity and structure in potential donor populations and by revising donor stock collection.There were significant positive associations between genetic diversity and the sexual reproduction of eelgrass, with a similar trend for vegetative propagation. Individuals heterozygous for glucose-phosphate isomerase (GPI) developed flowering shoots more than did homozygotes. More seeds germinated from a genetically diverse, untransplanted population than from a transplanted population with low genetic diversity. A field transplantation of known multilocus genotypes revealed that leaf shoot density in high-diversity eelgrass increased almost twice as fast as in low-diversity eelgrass over 22 mo. In a mesocosm experiment under heat stress, eelgrass heterozygous for either GPI or malate dehydrogenase (MDH) produced almost twice as many leaf shoots as homozygotes. The difference between treatments in all experiments increased over time. Together, these results imply that there could be economic incentives to planting genetically diverse eelgrass, and that genetic diversity contributes to eelgrass population viability even over the short term.

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Section: What Are the Consequences Of Reduced Genetic Diversity For Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Genetic Diversity in Eelgrass Transplantations Affects both Population Growth and Individual Fitness

Williams¹

2001

Ecological Applications

125

207

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“…One possibility to detect interactions between the forces shaping phenotypic expression and those maintaining its underlying genetic variation is to look for variation at a specific gene locus and to identify its effects on the phenotype (Krause & Bricelj 1995). In this context, enzymes that are involved in important metabolic pathways, for example, glycolytic enzymes, are of special interest, as glycolysis is the centre point of all ATP‐based energy supplies (Watt 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphoglucose isomerase genotype affects life‐history traits and cold stress resistance in a Copper butterfly

2008

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Summary 1.Accumulating evidence suggests that the phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) locus is under thermal selection. In the Copper butterfly Lycaena tityrus PGI allele frequencies show altitudinal variation, with a single genotype occurring in c . 90% of high-altitude animals. In low-altitude populations variation at this locus is much higher. 2. Here, we investigate variation in life-history traits and temperature stress resistance across PGI genotypes in L. tityrus from different lowland populations reared at two temperatures (19 and 24 ° C). 3. PGI genotype significantly affected larval and pupal development time, growth rate, pupal mass and chill-coma recovery time, but had no effect on heat knock-down resistance. The latter suggests that heat and cold stress resistance are based on differential mechanisms. 4. As expected temperature also influenced all traits under investigation, its effect being more pronounced compared to that of PGI genotype (except for pupal mass). 5. Patterns found for the PGI genotype dominating in high-altitude populations were consistent with those found for high-altitude animals. Therefore, and because of the direct link between PGI genotype and cold stress resistance, we conclude that PGI is likely to contribute to thermal adaptation in L. tityrus . 6. Genotypes promoting rapid development and largest body size were rather rare, suggesting weak selection on both traits and/or rather high associated costs.

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“…This may be the result of either direct effects at specific loci (the over-dominance hypothesis) or indirect effects as a result of linkage between markers and fitness-related traits (the associative over-dominance hypothesis), as reviewed in Zouros & Pogson (1994). Subsequent work has shown considerable variation among species, with some studies showing no relationship between growth or survival and heterozygosity (Volckaert & Zouros 1989, Fevolden 1992) and others showing a strong effect (Krause & Bricelj 1995). Careful studies now available have suggested that positive relationships between heterozygosity and growth vary among annual cohorts and arise from inbreeding effects and associative over-dominance in Spisula ovalis (David et al 1995, 1997a, David & Jarne 1997 and in Crassotrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) (McGoldrick & Hedgecock 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite variation in Australian and Indonesian pearl oyster Pinctada maxima populations

Benzie¹,

Smith-Keune²

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Gpi genotypic effect on quantitative traits in the northern bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Reduced Genetic Diversity in Eelgrass Transplantations Affects both Population Growth and Individual Fitness

Reduced Genetic Diversity in Eelgrass Transplantations Affects both Population Growth and Individual Fitness

Phosphoglucose isomerase genotype affects life‐history traits and cold stress resistance in a Copper butterfly

Microsatellite variation in Australian and Indonesian pearl oyster Pinctada maxima populations

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