“…The diversity of views studied, however, makes it difficult to identify specific views and perceptions that should be targeted in education and training programs or other interventions. Common stereotypes include illicit drug users as difficult, aggressive, demanding, manipulative, deceitful, difficult to communicate with, unmotivated, time-consuming, unpredictable, entrenched and unwilling to change (Abouyanni et al, 2000;Chappel & Schnoll, 1977;Deehan et al, 1997;Greenwood, 1992;Howard & Chung, 2000a;McKeganey, 1988;McLaughlin & Long, 1996;Mistral & Velleman, 2001;Roche, Watt, & Fischer, 2001;Vader & Aufseesser, 1993). There is evidence that negative and punitive attitudes towards these individuals are relatively common among health professionals such as nurses and GPs (Aalto, Pekuri, & Seppa, 2001;Abed & Neira-Munoz, 1990;Gerlach & Caplehorn, 1999;Melby, Boore, & Murray, 1992;Norman, 2001b).…”