Governor Hugh Palliser and the Newfoundland and Labrador Fishery, 1764–1768

Whiteley, W. H.

doi:10.3138/chr-050-02-02

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In 1717, 800 Inuit, "inapproachable, ferocious and cruel," attacked Courtemanche's post at Brador, and between 1720 and 1735 Brouague recorded nearly annual violent confrontations. Following retaliation, however, Brouague reported that Inuit were no longer residing in the bays of the southernmost Strait of Belle Isle and along the LNS (Brouague 1923(Brouague [1718(Brouague -1744 (Thornton 1977;Whiteley 1969). A third expulsion event began around 1770, when fewer Inuit settled south of Hamilton Inlet due to vastly expanded British resource enterprises.…”

Section: Inuit and Europeans In Southern Labradormentioning

confidence: 99%

Faceted Inuit-European contact in southern Labrador

Stopp

2016

etudinuit

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Nous présentons ici les découvertes archéologiques effectuées dans trois sites fouillés ou sondés entre 2009 et 2013 et nous montrons leur intérêt pour l’interprétation de la nature diverse des premiers contacts entre Inuit et Européens dans la zone de contact du sud du Labrador. À partir de la fin du XVIIe siècle, les documents français puis anglais portant sur cette région décrivent, en parlant des Inuit, des relations qui étaient motivées par la traite mais qui tournaient régulièrement à la violence. De fait, si nous ne disposions que des documents d’archives, nous ne pourrions pas apprendre grand-chose de l\u92éventail des réponses apportées par les Inuit au colonialisme en-dehors de ce contexte d’agression. En contraste, les données archéologiques décolonisent l’histoire et montrent un paysage de contacts plus nuancé que ne le suggèrent les écrits des archives, avec des indices qui mènent à diverses intersections culturelles et qui montrent également la résilience et la ténacité des Inuit.Archaeological evidence from three sites excavated or tested between 2009 and 2013 is shown to be valuable for interpreting the diverse nature of the early Inuit-European contact zone in southern Labrador. Beginning in the late 17th century, French and then English archival records for the region describe relations with Inuit that were motivated by trade but that repeatedly devolved into violence. Indeed, if only the historical records were available we would learn little of the range of Inuit responses to colonialism other than its context of aggression. The archaeological data, in contrast, decolonize this history and point to a more nuanced contact landscape than suggested by the written records, with clues to varied cultural intersections, and Inuit resilience and persistence

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Section: Inuit and Europeans In Southern Labradormentioning

confidence: 99%

Faceted Inuit-European contact in southern Labrador

Stopp

2016

etudinuit

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“…after 1763, when the Labrador stations passed to the british, expansion came swiftly, and by the 1780s, british merchant stations dotted the entire southcentral coast and operated all year long (Stopp, 2008). as already noted, britain's plan for moving Inuit off the coast was chiefly effected through an arrangement with the Moravian Church, which subsequently established mission-cumtrade stations north of Hamilton Inlet that succeeded in bringing an end to significant Inuit presence in the southern region (Whiteley, 1969;Co 194/27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1740-1795 Mikak's story unfolds at a time of tremendous colonial impacts along the eastern seaboard that were felt by all indigenous peoples in northeastern north america. When Mikak (variant spellings include Mykok, Mecock, and others) was very young, both shores of the Strait of belle Isle were seasonally populated by large numbers of French fishing crews and, to a lesser extent, by winter sealing crews (raPQ, 1922 -23;Whiteley, 1969). European shore stations for drying summer cod and for autumn and spring sealing occupied most of the good coves and harbours as far north as Chateau bay (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mikak stepped onto history's stage at this time, when britain wished to transplant Inuit away from the southernmost coast of Labrador, when tensions between the two peoples had reached a flash point, and, fortuitously, when the new governor considered it of utmost importance to protect the indigenous inhabitants under his jurisdiction from growing depredations (Co 194/27:78;Co 194/30:173;Whiteley, 1969Whiteley, , 1977. Mikak was a woman in her early twenties when she first encountered the Moravian missionaries who figured so largely in her life a few years later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eighteenth Century Labrador Inuit in England

Stopp¹

2009

ARCTIC

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abStraCt. In the late 18th century, a number of Labrador Inuit were at different times taken to England. their lives, journeys, and likenesses were unusually well documented through writings and portraiture. Presented here are the histories of Mikak and her son tutauk, brought to England by Francis Lucas in 1767, and of attuiock, Ickongoque, Ickeuna, tooklavinia, and Caubvick, who traveled to England in 1772 with Captain George Cartwright. these individuals, especially Mikak, played a part in britain's expansion along the northeastern seaboard of Canada. although the story is relatively well known to students of northern history, this retelling details source material and also clarifies discrepancies found in earlier publications. the portraits, which include two previously unknown depictions of Labrador Inuit, are particularly striking for their ethnographic content.Key words: Labrador Inuit, voyages to England, portraits, Mikak, tutauk, Karpik, attuiock, Ickongoque, Ickeuna, tooklavinia, Caubvick, nooziliack, George Cartwright, Moravians rÉSUMÉ. Vers la fin du XVIII e siècle, des Inuits du Labrador ont été amenés en angleterre à différents moments. Grâce à de nombreux écrits et portraits, la vie, le voyage et la ressemblance de ces Inuits ont été inhabituellement bien consignés. Cette communication relate l'histoire de Mikak et de son fils tutauk, qui ont été amenés en angleterre par Francis Lucas en 1767, ainsi que les histoires de attuiock, Ickongoque, Ickeuna, tooklavinia et Caubvick qui ont accompagné le commandant George Cartwright en angleterre en 1772. Ces personnes, et surtout Mikak, ont joué un rôle dans l'expansion de la Grande-bretagne le long de la côte nord-est du Canada. bien que leur histoire soit relativement bien connue des étudiants de l'histoire du nord, ce récit fait état des sources originales et jette de la lumière sur les divergences trouvées dans des publications antérieures. Le contenu ethnographique des portraits, qui comprennent deux représentations auparavant inconnues d'Inuits du Labrador, est particulièrement frappant.

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“A Spirit of Encroachment”: Trees, Cod, and the Political Ecology of Empire in the Newfoundland Fisheries, 1763–1783

Urus

2023

Environmental History

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Governor Hugh Palliser and the Newfoundland and Labrador Fishery, 1764–1768

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Faceted Inuit-European contact in southern Labrador

Faceted Inuit-European contact in southern Labrador

Eighteenth Century Labrador Inuit in England

“A Spirit of Encroachment”: Trees, Cod, and the Political Ecology of Empire in the Newfoundland Fisheries, 1763–1783

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