Government health expenditures and health outcomes

Bokhari, Farasat A. S.; Gai, Yunwei; Gottret, Pablo

doi:10.1002/hec.1157

Cited by 202 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Impulse-response analysis points out that the elasticity of under five mortality rate with respect to per capita public health expenditure is approximately -0.22 for African countries in the sample. This number is more in line with studies like Bokhari, Gai and Gottret (2007) that have found similar statistically significant effect for public health expenditure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Several previous studies failed to find a significant effect (for example see Filmer and Pritchett 1999;Rajkumar and Swaroop 2008) while some report contradictory results (i.e. very significant effect) (Bokhari, Gai and Gottret 2007). Other examples of this ambiguity can be found in the literature.…”

Section: Determinants Of Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…al. 2001;Bokhari, Gai and Gottret 2007;Rajkumar and Swaroop 2008;Anyanwu and Erhijakpor 2009;Darcin 2013). …”

Section: Determinants Of Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2008). For example, this lack of consensus can be seen with regards to under five mortality rate (U5MR), as Bokhari, Gai and Gottret (2007) report elasticity of -0.33 for U5MR with respect to public health expenditure, compared to other researchers (e.g. see: Filmer and Pritchett 1999;Rajkumar and Swaroop 2008) who report a very small and statistically insignificant effect for this variable in reducing U5MR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Determinants of Child Mortality in Africa: A Methodological Discussion

Enami

2016

SSRN Journal

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Current literature is ambiguous regarding the significance of public health expenditure in reducing mortality rate among children in cross country studies. In fact, several previous studies found the relationship between these two variables to be insignificant. Such findings indicate the existence of a huge inefficiency in public sector of struggling countries and discourage supports provided by donating entities. This study addresses the disagreement in the literature by pointing out how results are sensitive to the use of non-stationary variables that are used often in the literature. Using a Panel Vector Autoregressive model, no empirical evidence for the role of public health expenditure in reducing child mortality is found when non-stationary variables are used. However, results are significantly different as soon as stationary variables are substituted in the same model. In fact, the elasticity of under five mortality rate with respect to per capita public health expenditure is about -0.22 for African countries in the sample.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Determinants Of Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…al. 2001;Bokhari, Gai and Gottret 2007;Rajkumar and Swaroop 2008;Anyanwu and Erhijakpor 2009;Darcin 2013). …”

Section: Determinants Of Child Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Determinants of Child Mortality in Africa: A Methodological Discussion

Enami

2016

SSRN Journal

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“…It's the aim of every health care system and policymakers to improve public health outcomes (such as mothers and child health, life expectancy, etc.) in a certain level of cost [1]. As a result of the global commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the world experienced a significant improvement in all health outcomes and World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries were not an exception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality of Health Spending and Public Health Outcome in Countries of the WHO’s Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO)

Ahmadi

Assari-Arani

Amiri

2015

ijtmgh

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Introduction: There are little attention about health spending and public health outcomes especially in the WHO's Eastern Mediterranean Region. This paper presents an overview on health spending and public health outcomes in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries during 1995-2011. Methods: This study conducted in 2013 use of health expenditure and public health outcome of 19 WHOs Eastern Mediterranean Region countries during 17 years (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). Data were including: Per capita health expenditure in current US dollar, Life expectancy at birth, Infant Mortality Rate per 1,000 live births, Under-5 years Mortality Rate per 1,000 live births. Data collected from the latest World Bank published data until 2013. The Descriptive statistics were used to study by using Excel 2007. Results: In this region, the minimum spending on health (by Pakistan) was about 60 times less than maximum spending (by Qatar). Maximum amount of infant and children mortality rate were respectively 9 and 10 times more than the minimum. Also a decreasing returns to scale of health spending seen between countries. So that countries with better public health status need to pay much more than countries with poor public health status to increase 1 year life expectancy or to save 1 infant or child from premature death. Conclusion: There is a large inequality among countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region in both health spending and public health outcomes. Due to a decreasing return to scale, allocation financial aids to countries with poor health status can help converging health status in the region and decrease inequalities.

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Death by austerity? The impact of cost containment on avoidable mortality in Italy

2020

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Does austerity in health care affect health and healthcare outcomes? We examine the intended and unintended effects of the Italian austerity policy Piano di Rientro aimed at containing the cost of the healthcare sector. Using an instrumental variable strategy that exploits the temporal and geographical variation induced by the policy rollout, we find that the policy was successful in alleviating deficits by reducing expenditure, mainly in the southern regions, but also resulted in a 3% rise in avoidable deaths among both men and women, a reduction in hospital capacity and a rise in south-to-north patient migration. These findings suggest that-even in a high-income country with relatively low avoidable mortality like Italy-spending cuts can hurt survival.

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Government health expenditures and health outcomes

Cited by 202 publications

References 11 publications

Determinants of Child Mortality in Africa: A Methodological Discussion

Determinants of Child Mortality in Africa: A Methodological Discussion

Inequality of Health Spending and Public Health Outcome in Countries of the WHO’s Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO)

Death by austerity? The impact of cost containment on avoidable mortality in Italy

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