Government Health Expenditure and Public Health Outcomes: A Comparative Study among EU Developing Countries

Onofrei, Mihaela; Vatamanu, Anca Florentina; Vintilă, Georgeta; Cigu, Elena

doi:10.3390/ijerph182010725

Cited by 31 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…In the same vein, life expectancy and health indicate a U-shape relationship. That is, initial increase in health expenditures causes a decline in life expectancy but additional increase in health expenditures results in improving life expectancy Again, this finding aligns with the empirical literature [22].…”

Section: Pre-estimation Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The nexus between health expenditures and health outcomes is well established in the literature for both developing and developed countries. For example, Onofrei, Vatamanu, Vintila and Cigu [22], analysed the relationship between public health expenditure and health outcomes among European Union developing countries via regression and factor analysis. The study concluded that public health expenditure can improve life expectancy at birth and infant mortality.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…maternal and child mortality and other health variables such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and people living with tuberculosis, given argument traceable to Moran and Moodley [19]. While, between life expectancy at birth and public health expenditure a positive relationship is expected [22]. The same direction of relationship (positive) is also expected between education and life expectancy at birth (as well as ICTs as contemporary tools for education and other variables such as total factor productivity, household consumption).…”

Section: Variables and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable thresholds, health outcomes, health expenditures and education nexus in selected African countries: quadratic and moderation modelling

2022

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Background This study aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 3 which borders on “good health and well-being for people by ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages”. It contributes to the health literature by evaluating the roles of health expenditures and educational quality on three health outcomes (infant mortality, maternal mortality and life expectancy at birth). Methods The study uses the panel spatial correlation consistent (PSCC) approach on balanced panel data on 25 selected sub-Saharan African countries from 2000 to 2020 to interrogate the nexus. Results The following findings are documented. First, health expenditures reveal significant asymmetric quadratic effects on health outcomes. Second, the interactions between health expenditures and educational quality reduce infant and maternal mortalities while enhancing life expectancy. Third, the threshold points from the interaction effects indicate that enhancing educational quality beyond some critical thresholds of 1.51 and 1.49 can induce a drop in maternal and child mortalities while a point beyond 1.84 exerts an improvement in life expectancy. Conclusions Hence, policy makers should ensure that both health expenditures and educational quality exceed the established thresholds for sustainable health outcomes.

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Section: Pre-estimation Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variables and Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable thresholds, health outcomes, health expenditures and education nexus in selected African countries: quadratic and moderation modelling

2022

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“…In order to evaluate the effect of government health, education and infrastructure expenditure on the HDI, Safitri (2016) employed panel data from 23 districts over the period 2008-2014 and found only the spending on health has a significant impact on the HDI improvement. Most recent studies have been conducted by Ibukun (2021) and Onofrei et al (2021) on the role of governance in the effectiveness of health expenditure to achieve different health outcomes such as mortality rate (MR) or life expectancy at birth, respectively. Although their findings are not directly linked to human development, they found a positive relationship between health expenditure and life expectancy and a negative relationship with the MR.…”

Section: Good Governance and Human Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare expenditure, good governance and human development

Banik

Roy²,

Hossain³

2022

ECON

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PurposeThis study aims to investigate the consequence of the quality of governance (QoG) in moderating the effect of healthcare spending on human development.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a two-step Windmeijer finite sample-corrected system-generalized method of moments (sys-GMM) estimation technique on a panel dataset of 161 countries from 2005 to 2019. The authors use healthcare expenditure as the main explanatory variable and the Human Development Index (HDI) as the dependent variable and also consider voice and accountability (VnA), political stability and absence of terrorism (PSnAT), governance effectiveness (GoE), regulatory quality (ReQ), rules of law (RLaw) and control of corruption (CoC) dimensions of governance indicators as proxies of good governance. The authors develop a new measure of good governance from these six dimensions of governance using principal component analysis (PCA).FindingsThe authors empirically revealed that allocating more healthcare support alone is insufficient to improve human development. Individually, PSnAT has the highest net positive effect on health expenditure that helps to increase human welfare. Further, the corresponding interaction effect between expenditure and the Good Governance Index (GGI) is negative but insignificant for low-income countries (LICs); negative and statistically significant for sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies and positive but insignificant for South Asian nations.Originality/valueThis study is an in-depth analysis of how governance impacts the effectiveness of healthcare expenditure to ensure higher human development, particularly in a large panel of 161 countries. The authors have developed a new index of good governance and later extended the analysis by separating countries based on the income level and geographical location, which are utterly absent in existing literature.

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“…The interaction of CO 2 and health expenditure also stipulates a negative impact on health. In literature, several studies have shown a positive and significant effect of state expenditure in the health sector on human health status (Boachie and Ramu, 2016;Farag et al, 2013;Onofrei et al, 2021;Shuaibu and Timothy, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Dynamic Nexus between Economic Growth, Environmental Degradation, and Public Health in Pakistan: A Moderated Mediation Approach

Firdous

Chatrath

Jadoon

et al. 2023

IJEEP

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Since the start of this century, much attention has been given to economic growth and environmental changes and their effects on human beings. The present study has developed a comprehensive model to discuss the nexus between economic growth, environmental degradation, and public health. Furthermore, renewable energy consumption and public health spending are used as moderators to make the model more inclusive. The time series data from 1972 to 2020 has been used, and a regression path modeling tool SPPS-PROCESS Model 29, has been applied to carry out the results. The results showed a positive and significant effect of economic growth on environmental degradation, while renewable energy consumption reduces environmental degradation. Furthermore, environmental degradation is negatively affecting the health status in Pakistan. The results of the total effects showed that economic growth positively contributes to public health with a low coefficient. The indirect conditional impact of economic growth on human health through the mediating role of environmental degradation becomes positive from negative in the long run due to renewable energy and public spending on health. Based on the result, some policies are suggested in the last section of this study.

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Government Health Expenditure and Public Health Outcomes: A Comparative Study among EU Developing Countries

Cited by 31 publications

References 56 publications

Sustainable thresholds, health outcomes, health expenditures and education nexus in selected African countries: quadratic and moderation modelling

Sustainable thresholds, health outcomes, health expenditures and education nexus in selected African countries: quadratic and moderation modelling

Healthcare expenditure, good governance and human development

Exploring Dynamic Nexus between Economic Growth, Environmental Degradation, and Public Health in Pakistan: A Moderated Mediation Approach

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