Governing the work-related risks of AI: implications for the German government and trade unions

Abstract

This article discusses the risks that artificial intelligence (AI) poses for work. It classifies risks into two types, direct and indirect. Direct risks are AI-induced forms of discrimination, surveillance and information asymmetries at work. Indirect risks are enhanced workplace automation and the increasing ‘fissurisation’ of work. Direct and indirect risks are illustrated using the example of the transport and logistics sector. We discuss policy responses to both types of risk in the context of the German economy and argue that the policy solutions need to differ according to the type of risk. Direct risks can be addressed by European and national regulation against discrimination, surveillance and information asymmetries. As for indirect risks, the first step is to monitor the risks so as to gain an understanding of sector-specific transformations and establish relevant expertise and competence. This way of addressing AI-induced risks at work will help to improve the prospects of decent work, fair remuneration and adequate social protection for all.

Introduction to theTransferspecial issue. Regulating AI at work: labour relations, automation, and algorithmic management

“…They address general questions similar to those discussed above, but offer different insights into the question of why worker representatives' strategies and bargaining power differ across countries. In addition, by looking more closely at case study firms and industries, the authors are able to explore the specific impacts of AI on work and workers in, as Hassel and Özkiziltan (2023) put it, specific 'socio-economic and political settings', as well as the situated politics of labour-management negotiations over strategies and outcomes. Doellgast, Wagner and O'Brady (2023) compare union and works council responses to algorithmic management in two matched case telecommunications companies in Germany and Norway.…”

“…Hassel and Özkiziltan (2023) also focus on policy and trade union responses to AI in Germany. However, they use the German context to present a more differentiated analysis of how effective responses may differ depending on the type of risk AI poses for work.…”