The strategic buckets method is often posited as an approach to ensure the strategic alignment of an R&D portfolio with firm's strategy. Despite its popularity, crafting the right set of buckets to allocate resources is not a straightforward task. We consider the question of how to establish a set of buckets that aligns the R&D portfolio with the business strategy. We carried out a case based research, and investigate seven companies in order to propose a framework to assist decision makers in designing this set of buckets. Our framework is composed of four strategic constructs, namely technology, market, capabilities, and organizational processes. In addition to these four constructs, we suggest that the external environment also be taken into account. We discuss the key benefits and offer theoretical insights concerning the strategic constructs, which can be combined and divided, resulting in a set of buckets that better suits a company's strategy. In addition, we acknowledge the idiosyncratic nature of firms and, as opposed to prescribing a static approach for companies, we suggest the design of buckets as a dynamic process to be performed according to the four different constructs, together with a firm's interaction with the external environment. We close by discussing the implications of our approach.
MANAGERIAL RELEVANCE STATEMENTIn this paper, we consider the question of how to craft a set of buckets that aligns the R&D portfolio with a business strategy. Our main contribution is to offer a comprehensive framework to support the design of the set of buckets, which can be used to assist decision makers in the process of project selection and resource allocation in an R&D portfolio. In short, the use of the strategic buckets approach is necessary when decision makers are unable to compare in a satisfactory manner different projects' initiatives. Through the investigation of seven case studies, we were able to scrutinize how exemplar companies design the set of buckets. In addition, we thoroughly examine how the buckets design are associated with the three portfolio goals, namely value maximization, balance, and strong link with firm's strategy. Because a firm's strategy might have multiple goals, we suggest the use of buckets and sub-buckets as Santiago & Soares: Strategic Alignment of an R&D Portfolio by Crafting the Set of Buckets 2 © IEEE building blocks to deal with non-comparable initiatives. Furthermore, we acknowledge the idiosyncratic nature of firms and, as opposed to prescribing a static approach for companies, we suggest the design of buckets as a dynamic process to be performed accordingly.