Governing a Smart City

Smart city policy in developing countries: Case study of the new administrative capital in Egypt

“…This entity is responsible for operating and managing the city by working on managing, operating, and developing assets, achieving Profitability, and ensuring the city's sustainability. Therefore, as a city manager, the New Capital company combined governing a city that supports smartness and manages the smart city from planning, operation, forming, and implementing smart city projects (Anthopoulos, 2017). From the smart services perspective, this model has the advantage of aims variety from rationalizing Expenses, which seeks sustainability—besides, Profitability to achieve the sustainable funding which one of the obstacles for smart city development in developing countries (Hamza, 2016).…”

“…Tan and Taeihagh (2020) have determined some barriers to smart city development in developing countries. Namely, (1) financing and appropriate budgets issues (Hamza, 2016), (2) shortage of investment in requisite infrastructure, (3) unreadiness exist infrastructure for dealing with technology, (4) multiple authorities involved in the development process in developing countries is a barrier for program implementations, which require different governance model for smart city approach (Anthopoulos, 2017; Hamza, 2016), (5) lack for qualified and skilled human capital, (6) concerns related not all citizens inclusive especially their poor in smart city programs, wherein our point view that the smart city initiatives, especially, which beginning from scratch unnecessary to inclusive all the social layers, where the smart city's aim based on the innovative pattern for urban development which enhances the economic growth overall, and utilize their its development returns for the less social layers in developing areas, (7) Environmental issues, and (8) lack of technical knowledge among citizens especially in smart city strategy for existing cities (Angelidou, 2014).…”

“…Anthopoulos, 2017 has referred that several applicable smart city governances differ based on smart city characteristics. Namely, the (1) smart city‐owned for the city government, where the government governs the smart city project.…”

“…Meanwhile, the literature mentioned that there are two conflicting things related to smart city governance. First, governing a city that is supported smartness; second, and managing the smart city from planning, operation, and implementing perspective for smart city projects (Anthopoulos, 2017).…”

“…Second, smart city factors: as mentioned above a six smart city dimensions (economy, governance, people, environment, mobility, and living) and extends them with institutions—that contribute to smart city management—and smart infrastructure—that integrates and enhances environmental protection. Lastly, Smart city strategy: which consists of city capacity assessment, objectives' definition, city indicators' identification; city stakeholders' recognition and engagement; strategic formulation; and strategic implementation (Anthopoulos, 2017; Hamza, 2016). So the smart city development has become a critical strategic option (Vu & Hartley, 2018).…”