Governance in integrated coastal zone management: a social networks analysis of cross-scale collaboration

Abstract

SUMMARYThe Integrated Coastal Zone Management protocol of the Barcelona Convention sets governance objectives for countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. This protocol emphasizes collaborative approaches to acknowledge the role of local people in coastal management. Evaluating the quality of governance processes is critical if coastal zone values are to be effectively managed in times of global climate change. This study examined the structure and attributes of collaborative governance networks in two Mediterranean deltas, the Camargue (France) and Gediz Delta (Turkey). A deliberative social catchment sampling was used to target actors with physical, cultural, social or economic ties. Forty-five different organizations/professions were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire to identify the frequency and quality of contacts, information flows, and subject matter relevant to natural resource management. There were higher levels of degree centrality and reciprocal ties in the Camargue, while the Gediz Delta had a greater homogeneity of actors, with one centralized influential actor. Civil society played a greater role in the Camargue network, and government organizations were more central in the Gediz Delta. The differences between the two sites call into question the use of the same integrated management strategies and suggest the need to acknowledge the importance of existing governance models and relationships within local contexts.

How does network governance affect social-ecological fit across the land–sea interface? An empirical assessment from the Lesser Antilles

“…Network governance is characterized by a shift in reliance away from top-down or hierarchical modes of decision-making to more decentralized, self-organizing modes of governance (Newig et al 2010). The networked mode typically involves collaboration between different governance actors, and as such, it is theorized to improve participation and legitimacy (Ernoul andWardell-Johnson 2013, Sandström et al 2014), increase integration and application of diverse knowledge sources (Armitage et al 2009, Newig et al 2010, better leverage the distinct capacities of different actors by supporting collaboration and collective action (Engle and Lemos 2010), enhance the responsiveness of governance to emerging social and ecological problems Galaz 2008, Duit et al 2010), and improve the fit between governance and ecological systems (Guerrero et al 2015a). …”

Governance across the land-sea interface: A systematic review

“…Structural alignment across multiple dimensions À social, temporal and functional À helps to build collaborative capacities, and corresponds to emerging theory regarding social-ecological fit in complex systems-to-be-governed (Epstein et al, 2015;Guerrero et al, 2015;Kooiman, 2013). Collaborative and network governance across the land-sea interface are emerging as specific modes of governance potentially useful in enhancing social-ecological fit (Ernoul and Wardell-Johnson, 2013;Guerrero et al, 2015;Hovik and Stokke, 2007;Sandström et al, 2014). Additionally, boundaryspanning organizations À or governance organizations that seek to reduce fragmentation through strategic collaborations À can be particularly useful to improve the capacity of governance to deal with social and ecological problems (Berdej and Armitage, 2016;O'Mahony and Bechky, 2008;Paige Fischer, 2015).…”

Development scenario of collaborative management at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi Province

“…Kedelapan faktor tersebut adalah kemampuan membangun jaringan kerja (networking) dengan stakeholder lain (Mcguire, 2006;Wolff, 2010;O'Leary & Vij, 2012;Ernoul & Wardell-Johnson, 2013;Kapucu & Garayev, 2012), kemampuan melakukan koordinasi (coordination) dengan stakeholder terkait, kemampuan menjalin kerja sama (cooperation) dengan berbagai stakeholder (Wolff, 2010), kapasitas SDM pelaksana kolaborasi (Raik et al, 2006;Lank, 2006;Barnes & Liao, 2012;Nuh et al, 2006;Dollahite et al, 2005) Kedelapan faktor tersebut di atas memiliki kepentingan dan kekuatan yang sama terhadap keberhasilan pengelolaan TN Babul. Sementara itu, untuk kepentingan perencanaan, perlu diketahui perbedaan pengaruh antar faktor-faktor tersebut di atas terhadap sistem yang dikaji sehingga dapat ditentukan faktor-faktor yang perlu diintervensi sebagai titik masuk (entry point) bagi perencanaan yang efektif (Hardjomidjojo, 2002;Bourgeois & Jesus, 2004).…”

“…Semakin baik kualitas dan kuantitas informasi yang digunakan maka peluang untuk mengefektifkan pengelolaan kawasan akan semakin terbuka (Rosalino & Grilo, 2011). Sebaliknya, komunikasi yang buruk akan memengaruhi efektifitas dari kolaborasi yang akan dibangun (Ernoul & Wardell-Johnson, 2013).…”