Gossypol, a Pigment of Cottonseed.

Adams, Roger; Geissman, T. A.; Edwards, J. D.

doi:10.1021/cr60208a002

Cited by 262 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…The terpenoid gossypol ( Figure 2G) is found in the small pigment glands of cottonseed (Adams et al, 1960) and is synthesized for insect and pathogen defense (Hedin et al, 1992;Stipanovic et al, 1999). Gossypol (m/z 501.191) was easily identified in cottonseed sections as a minus-water, protonated species [M -H 2 O + H] + and was localized in discrete circular regions in the sections corresponding to the locations of the pigmented glands.…”

Section: General Distribution Of Selected Lipid Classes In Cotton Embmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Mapping of Lipids at Cellular Resolution in Embryos of Cotton

et al. 2012

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Advances in mass spectrometry (MS) have made comprehensive lipidomics analysis of complex tissues relatively commonplace. These compositional analyses, although able to resolve hundreds of molecular species of lipids in single extracts, lose the original cellular context from which these lipids are derived. Recently, high-resolution MS of individual lipid droplets from seed tissues indicated organelle-to-organelle variation in lipid composition, suggesting that heterogeneity of lipid distributions at the cellular level may be prevalent. Here, we employed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization-MS imaging (MALDI-MSI) approaches to visualize lipid species directly in seed tissues of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). MS imaging of cryosections of mature cotton embryos revealed a distinct, heterogeneous distribution of molecular species of triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholines, the major storage and membrane lipid classes in cotton embryos. Other lipids were imaged, including phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidic acids, sterols, and gossypol, indicating the broad range of metabolites and applications for this chemical visualization approach. We conclude that comprehensive lipidomics images generated by MALDI-MSI report accurate, relative amounts of lipid species in plant tissues and reveal previously unseen differences in spatial distributions providing for a new level of understanding in cellular biochemistry.

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Section: General Distribution Of Selected Lipid Classes In Cotton Embmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Mapping of Lipids at Cellular Resolution in Embryos of Cotton

et al. 2012

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“…For example, cotton produces a number of terpenoid aldehyde (TA) compounds that are normally contained in epidermal glands found throughout the plant [1]. These compounds help protect the plant from pests and diseases [2] [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Protective Terpenoid Aldehyde Compounds in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) Roots

Scheffler¹

2016

AJPS

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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has epidermal glands containing terpenoid aldehyde (TA) compounds that protect the plant from pests and diseases. One TA, gossypol, has two forms (+) and (−) that are present in varying amounts. This study evaluated the variation in roots for TA compounds and how environment affected the levels of these compounds. Similar to seed, gossypol was the predominant TA in roots. No heliocides were detected with only trace amounts of other TAs, such as hemigossypolone or hemigossypol, detected in a few lines. Among the glanded lines, there were significant differences in gossypol content. Percent plus gossypol was consistently 4% -10% higher in roots than seed. One line, "Mac7", had 12 -14 ug/mg gossypol in roots and 18 ug/mg in seed as well as >90% (+) gossypol in both roots and seed. Unlike other tissues in glandless cotton, the roots of glandless lines consistently produced detectable amounts of gossypol with 77% to 82% in the (+) form. Multi-year field tests showed that although gossypol levels in the roots were more affected by insect pressure or other environmental conditions than seed, there was selectable variation in upland cotton for root gossypol content. Unlike other parts of a glandless plant, the roots retained a functioning biochemical pathway for gossypol production.

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“…Subsequently, gossypol was reported to be one of the strongest antioxidants found in nature. The Japanese reported on its use as a stabilizer for vitamin A in the products 5 . Researchers in the USSR found gossypol to be an effective antioxidant-stabilizer for PVC, polypropylene, in cement mixtures for road foundations to increase the life of the road and cold resistance and to decrease water absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and thermodynamics of gossypol extraction from defatted cottonseed meal by ethanol

Saxena

Sharma

Самби

2012

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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Gossypol is polyphenolic aldehyde, a toxic substance naturally present in cotton plant to protect it from insects, pests and diseases. Maximum gossypol is concentrated in the seed. After extraction of oil from the cottonseed, the defatted cottonseed meal which contains both the gossypol and proteinous matter is left behind. A number of attempts have been made using different solvents to extract gossypol from the seeds. However, all these efforts have remained in the realm of academic activity only as none of them could be commercialized. If a pilot plant or commercial scale plant is to be developed then the data on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the extraction process is required. In this study ethanol has been used as the solvent at temperature below 323K for removal of gossypol from the defatted seed. This study fi nds the effects of parameters viz. temperature, solvent to solid ratio (SR) and extraction time on the gossypol extraction effi ciency. The data obtained are used to establish the kinetics and thermodynamics of the extraction process.

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Gossypol, a Pigment of Cottonseed.

Cited by 262 publications

References 135 publications

Spatial Mapping of Lipids at Cellular Resolution in Embryos of Cotton

Spatial Mapping of Lipids at Cellular Resolution in Embryos of Cotton

Evaluating Protective Terpenoid Aldehyde Compounds in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) Roots

Kinetics and thermodynamics of gossypol extraction from defatted cottonseed meal by ethanol

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Gossypol, a Pigment of Cottonseed.

Cited by 262 publications

References 135 publications

Spatial Mapping of Lipids at Cellular Resolution in Embryos of Cotton

Spatial Mapping of Lipids at Cellular Resolution in Embryos of Cotton

Evaluating Protective Terpenoid Aldehyde Compounds in Cotton (&lt;i&gt;Gossypium hirsutum&lt;/i&gt; L.) Roots

Kinetics and thermodynamics of gossypol extraction from defatted cottonseed meal by ethanol

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Evaluating Protective Terpenoid Aldehyde Compounds in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) Roots