Goss’s bacterial wilt and leaf blight of corn in Canada – disease update

Harding, Michael W.; Jindal, K.K.; Tambong, James T.; Daayf, Fouad; Howard, R. J.; Derksen, Holly; Reid, L. M.; Tenuta, Albert; Feng, Jie

doi:10.1080/07060661.2018.1506502

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In 2018, dry and hot weather in the months of May to July, and warm and rainy weather in August and September in most parts of Ontario resulted in higher heat units, faster growth of plants, and lower incidence and severity of almost all diseases compared to the previous three years (Jindal et al 2016(Jindal et al , 2017(Jindal et al , and 2018 (Harding et al 2018).…”

Section: Introduction and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canadian Plant Disease Survey 2019 Volume 99: Disease Highlights 2018

2019

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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The British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture (BCAGRI) Plant Health Laboratory provides diagnoses of diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, plant parasitic nematodes and insect pests of agricultural crops grown in British Columbia. Between January 1 and November 30, 2018, the laboratory received 921 samples including Christmas trees, field crops, greenhouse vegetable and floriculture crops, forest nursery seedlings, herbaceous and woody ornamentals, small fruits, tree fruits, nuts and specialty crops for diagnosis. No significantly new or unusually high level of any disease was detected in the samples. METHODS:The BCAGRI Plant Health Laboratory provides diagnoses for diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, plant parasitic nematodes, and insect pests of agricultural crops grown in British Columbia. Samples were submitted to the laboratory by ministry staff, growers, agri-businesses, munici-palities and Master Gardeners. Diagnoses were accomplished by visual and microscopic examination, culturing onto artificial media, biochemical identification of bacteria using BIOLOG®, serological testing of viruses, fungi and bacteria with micro-well and membrane-based enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Molecular tech-niques (polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (conventional and/or real time) were used for some species-specific diagnoses. Electron microscopic examination was performed on samples with unknown virus-like symptoms. Some specimens were referred to other laboratories for identification or confirmation of the diagnosis. RESULTS AND COMMENTS: Overall in 2018, British Columbia had a wet spring followed by a long dry summer. The wet weather in the spring supported bacterial blights on woody ornamentals, tree fruits and berry crops. Fire blight incidence was higher in tree fruit and woody ornamental crops. Fruit rots and postharvest rots were much lower than normal due to dry weather in late summer. Diseases and their causal agents diagnosed on crop samples submitted to the laboratory are presented in the following Tables 1-11 organized by crop category. Diagnoses not listed include: abiotic symptoms such as nutritional stress, pH imbalance, water stress, drought stress, physiological response to adverse growing conditions, genetic abnormalities, environmental and chemical stresses including herbicide damage, fruit abortion due to lack of pollination, insect-related injury and damage where no conclusive causal factor was identified.

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Section: Introduction and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canadian Plant Disease Survey 2019 Volume 99: Disease Highlights 2018

2019

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Goss's wilt monitoring and subsequent management should be priorities in areas where the disease has been reported (Harding et al, 2018). Planting pathogen‐free seed in areas with no history of the disease may prevent the introduction of the pathogen.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clavibacter nebraskensis causing Goss's wilt of maize: Five decades of detaining the enemy in the New World

Osdaghi

Robertson

Jackson-Ziems

et al. 2022

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Goss's bacterial wilt and leaf blight of maize (Zea mays) caused by the gram-positive coryneform bacterium Clavibacter nebraskensis is an economically important disease in North America. C. nebraskensis is included within the high-risk list of quarantine pathogens by several plant protection organizations (EPPO code: CORBMI), hence it is under strict quarantine control around the world. The causal agent was reported for the first time on maize in Nebraska (USA) in 1969. After an outbreak during the 1970s, prevalence of the disease decreased in the 1980s to the early 2000s, before the disease resurged causing a serious threat to maize production in North America.The re-emergence of Goss's wilt in the corn belt of the United States led to several novel achievements in understanding the pathogen biology and disease control. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the pathogen taxonomy, biology, and epidemiology as well as management strategies of Goss's wilt disease. First, a taxonomic history of the pathogen is provided followed by symptomology and host range, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity mechanisms of the bacterium. Then, utility of high-throughput molecular approaches in the precise detection and identification of the pathogen and the management strategies of the disease are explained. Finally, we highlight the role of integrated pest management strategies to combat the risk of Goss's wilt in the 21st century maize industry.Disease symptoms: Large (2-15 cm) tan to grey elongated oval lesions with wavy, irregular water-soaked margins on the leaves. The lesions often start at the leaf tip or are associated with wounding caused by hail or wind damage. Small (1 mm in diameter), dark, discontinuous water-soaked spots, known as "freckles", can be observed in the periphery of lesions. When backlit, the freckles appear translucent. Early infection (prior to growth stage V6) may become systemic and cause seedlings to wilt, wither, and die. Coalescence of lesions results in leaf blighting.Host range: Maize (Zea mays) is the only economic host of the pathogen. A number of Poaceae species are reported to act as secondary hosts for C. nebraskensis.

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“…In severe cases, yield reductions as high as 50% have been reported. Since there is no known effective chemical control for Cn , producers rely on tillage, clean farm equipment, and primarily good corn genetics [ 9 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Controlling alternative hosts such as Seteria viridis (green foxtail) may also reduce the Cn transmission to and infection of corn plants [ 17 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goss’s Wilt Resistance in Corn Is Mediated via Salicylic Acid and Programmed Cell Death but Not Jasmonic Acid Pathways

Shumilak

El-Shetehy

Soliman

et al. 2023

Plants

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A highly aggressive strain (CMN14-5-1) of Clavibacter nebraskensis bacteria, which causes Goss’s wilt in corn, induced severe symptoms in a susceptible corn line (CO447), resulting in water-soaked lesions followed by necrosis within a few days. A tolerant line (CO450) inoculated with the same strain exhibited only mild symptoms such as chlorosis, freckling, and necrosis that did not progress after the first six days following infection. Both lesion length and disease severity were measured using the area under the disease progression curve (AUDPC), and significant differences were found between treatments. We analyzed the expression of key genes related to plant defense in both corn lines challenged with the CMN14-5-1 strain. Allene oxide synthase (ZmAOS), a gene responsible for the production of jasmonic acid (JA), was induced in the CO447 line in response to CMN14-5-1. Following inoculation with CMN14-5-1, the CO450 line demonstrated a higher expression of salicylic acid (SA)-related genes, ZmPAL and ZmPR-1, compared to the CO447 line. In the CO450 line, four genes related to programmed cell death (PCD) were upregulated: respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D (ZmrbohD), polyphenol oxidase (ZmPPO1), ras-related protein 7 (ZmRab7), and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (ZmPPI). The differential gene expression in response to CMN14-5-1 between the two corn lines provided an indication that SA and PCD are involved in the regulation of corn defense responses against Goss’s wilt disease, whereas JA may be contributing to disease susceptibility.

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Goss’s bacterial wilt and leaf blight of corn in Canada – disease update

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Canadian Plant Disease Survey 2019 Volume 99: Disease Highlights 2018

Canadian Plant Disease Survey 2019 Volume 99: Disease Highlights 2018

Clavibacter nebraskensis causing Goss's wilt of maize: Five decades of detaining the enemy in the New World

Goss’s Wilt Resistance in Corn Is Mediated via Salicylic Acid and Programmed Cell Death but Not Jasmonic Acid Pathways

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