Good Visual Performance Despite Reduced Optical Quality during the First Month of Orthokeratology Lens Wear

Xia, Ruijing; Su, Binbin; Bai, Hua; Tang, Jintian; Lin, Zhiyi; Zhang, Bin; Jiang, Jun

doi:10.1080/02713683.2019.1668950

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…One key difference between the present study and previous studies was that half of the subjects had ODT peaking at 1 week or later. Previous studies done in both adults and children reported no changes in visual performance 1 week after the initial lenswear (Santolaria Sanz et al, 2015;Santolaria-Sanz et al, 2016;Xia et al, 2020). This study captured the ODT peaking both before and after 1 week of lens wear.…”

Section: Orientation Discrimination Threshold Peaking After 1 Weekmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Unstable fixation may “average” all distorted or missing lines over time. The spatial and temporal redundancy embedded in the methods used by previous studies facilitates the process of “filling-in” and “averaging.” In the children’s study, the visual stimulus used was a radial pattern covering 360°, making the filling-in easier ( Xia et al, 2020 ). The visual stimulus used in the adult study was not static.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, it moved from the periphery toward the center along the pre-defined semi-meridians, which increased the possibility of unstable fixation. The stimulus presentation duration was 250–750 ms in the adult studies ( Santolaria Sanz et al, 2015 ; Santolaria-Sanz et al, 2016 ) and 500 ms in the children study ( Xia et al, 2020 ). That long fixation time allows for unstable eye fixation and eye movements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It transiently increased 1 day after lens fitting and returned to baseline level 1 week after lens wearing ( Santolaria Sanz et al, 2015 ; Santolaria-Sanz et al, 2016 ). In children aged between 8 and 14, the threshold to detect shape distortion was not significantly different from the baseline level at 1 week and 1 month after the lens wear ( Xia et al, 2020 ). Rapid neural adaptation was proposed to explain the disparity between subjective visual function and optical quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With an altered front optical surface, the OK lens also leads to increased optical aberrations and straying light in the patients undergoing such treatment (Hiraoka et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2017). Higher-order aberrations sharply increased 7 days after lens wearing and remained high when measured 1-year treatment (Stillitano et al, 2008;Santolaria Sanz et al, 2015;Santolaria-Sanz et al, 2016;Xia et al, 2020). However, patients' visual performances wearing orthokeratology lenses were surprisingly good.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time Course of Perceived Visual Distortion and Axial Length Growth in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology

Liu

Bai

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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Purpose: To establish the time course of the subjective visual function changes during the first month of orthokeratology treatment in myopic children, and to investigate how the time course variations are associated with the objective optical quality changes and the axial length growth (ALG) after 1 year of treatment.Methods: A total of 58 myopic children aged from 8 to 16 years participated in this self-controlled prospective study. All subjects were fitted with designed spherical four-zone orthokeratology lenses. Subjective visual function was evaluated with orientation discrimination threshold (ODT), and objective optical quality was quantified with the high-order aberration root-mean-square (HOA-RMS) and the changing speed of HOA. The measurements were done before the lens fitting and 1 day, 1-, 2-, and 4-weeks after lens wear. Axial length was obtained at baseline and 1-year follow-up, and ALG was defined as the difference. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the difference for statistical analysis.Results: After lens fitting, the ODT time courses peaked on day 1 in 28 children, 1 week in 15 children, 2 weeks in 11 children, and 4 weeks in 4 children. In contrast, the HOA-RMS steadily rose during the first month, and the changing speed of HOA was only transiently elevated on day 1 after the initial lens wear. The ALG was 0.12 ± 0.20 mm in subjects whose ODT peaked at day 1, 0.08 ± 0.09 mm in subjects whose ODT peaked on 1-week, and 0.12 ± 0.15 mm in subjects whose ODT peaked on 2-week or later. There was no difference in axial growth among the subjects whose ODT peaked at different days (P = 0.734).Conclusion: While half ODT time course resembled the changing speed of HOA with a transient elevation on day 1, about a quarter of the ODT time course resemble the steadily rising of HOA-RMS, and the rest was located in the middle. The ALGs in children with different types of ODT time courses were similar.

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Section: Orientation Discrimination Threshold Peaking After 1 Weekmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Time Course of Perceived Visual Distortion and Axial Length Growth in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology

Liu

Bai

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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Changes in Shape Discrimination Sensitivity Under Glare Conditions After Orthokeratology in Myopic Children: A Prospective Study

Bao

Guo

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Blur Detection Sensitivity Increases in Children Using Orthokeratology

Tao

Mao

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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PurposeTo investigate changes in blur detection sensitivity in children using orthokeratology (Ortho-K) and explore the relationships between blur detection thresholds (BDTs) and aberrations and accommodative function.MethodsThirty-two children aged 8–14 years old who underwent Ortho-K treatment participated in and completed this study. Their BDTs, aberrations, and accommodative responses (ARs) were measured before and after a month of Ortho-K treatment. A two forced-choice double-staircase procedure with varying extents of blur in three images (Tumbling Es, Lena, and Street View) was used to measure the BDTs. The participants were required to judge whether the images looked blurry. The BDT of each of the images (BDT_Es, BDT_Lena, and BDT_Street) was the average value of the last three reversals. The accommodative lag was quantified by the difference between the AR and the accommodative demand (AD). Changes in the BDTs, aberrations, and accommodative lags and their relationships were analyzed.ResultsAfter a month of wearing Ortho-K lenses, the children’s BDT_Es and BDT_Lena values decreased, the aberrations increased significantly (for all, P ≤0.050), and the accommodative lag decreased to a certain extent [T(31) = 2.029, P = 0.051]. Before Ortho-K treatment, higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were related to BDT_Lena (r = 0.463, P = 0.008) and the accommodative lag was related to BDT_Es (r = −0.356, P = −0.046). After one month, no significant correlations were found between the BDTs and aberrations or accommodative lags, as well as between the variations of them (for all, P ≥ 0.069).ConclusionOrtho-K treatment increased the children’s level of blur detection sensitivity, which may have contributed to their good visual acuity.

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Good Visual Performance Despite Reduced Optical Quality during the First Month of Orthokeratology Lens Wear

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

Time Course of Perceived Visual Distortion and Axial Length Growth in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology

Time Course of Perceived Visual Distortion and Axial Length Growth in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology

Changes in Shape Discrimination Sensitivity Under Glare Conditions After Orthokeratology in Myopic Children: A Prospective Study

Blur Detection Sensitivity Increases in Children Using Orthokeratology

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