Good sleep is a mood buffer for young women during menses

Abstract

Study Objectives We sought to elucidate the interaction between sleep and mood considering menstrual cycle phase (menses and non-menses portions of the cycle) in 72 healthy young women (18 – 33 y) with natural, regular menstrual cycles and without menstrual-associated disorders. This work fills a gap in literature of examining mood in context of sleep and menstrual cycle jointly, rather than individually. Methods Daily subjective measures of sleep and mood, and date of menses were remotely, digitally collected over a two-month period. Each morning, participants rated their sleep on the previous night, and each evening participants rated the extent of positive and negative mood for that day. Objective sleep was tracked with a wearable (ŌURA ring) during month two of the study. Time lag cross-correlation and mixed linear models were used to analyze the significance and directionality of the sleep-mood relationship, and how the interaction between menstrual cycle status and sleep impacted mood levels. Results We found that menstrual status alone did not impact mood. However, subjective sleep quality and menstrual status interacted to impact positive mood (p < .05). After a night of perceived poor sleep quality, participants reported lower positive mood during menses compared to non-menses portions of the cycle, while after a night of perceived good sleep quality participants reported equivalent levels of positive mood across the cycle. Conclusion We suggest that the perception of good sleep quality acts as a mood equalizer, with good sleep providing a protective buffer to positive mood across the menstrual cycle.

Changes in the Objective Measures of Sleep in Association with Menses Among Female Athletes with Poor Subjective Sleep Quality: Female Athletes with Poor Subjective Sleep Quality Have More Sleep Arousals During Menses

“…Objective and subjective sleep outcomes may reflect the different aspects of sleep. 35 Some reports have shown that there is usually a discrepancy between the subjective and objective measures of sleep. 36,37 Despite this, in female athletes with regular menstrual cycles, poor subjective sleep quality is associated with an increased arousal index during menstruation.…”

Applying advanced menstrual cycle affective science methods to study mood regulation and sleep

“…Shuster et al studied 72 healthy individuals who reported mood and sleep daily across two menstrual cycles using digital diaries [ 9 ]. Objective sleep measures were estimated during participants’ second cycle.…”