Gonadal steroid modulation of oxytocin and vasopressin gene expression in the hypothalamus of the osmotically stimulated rat.

Crowley, Rebecca S.; Ja, Amico

doi:10.1210/endo.133.6.8243294

Cited by 52 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Though the neuroactive agents that participate in controlling hair-pulling in doe rabbits are unknown, from the following evidence we may speculate that arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and/or oxytocin (OT) may participate in this process. Thus: a) hair-pulling may be viewed as an exaggerated form of grooming, a behavior stimulated by the icv infusion of AVP in rodents (16) and of OT in both rodents (17) and rabbits (18); b) in rodents testosterone stimulates the synthesis of AVP (19,20) and its receptor (21); c) both estradiol and P regulate OT synthesis (22)(23)(24) and OT receptors (25)(26)(27)(28) in rodents and sheep; d ) we have found in periparturient does (29) an increased number of AVP-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and of OT-IR cells in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). These females also show an increased size of AVP-and OT-IR cell bodies in the SON, PVN, and LHA, compared with intact, estrous females; e) we have recently determined that ovx does given EB/P (10 mg/day) as in this work, show similar changes in OT-IR neurons as those found in periparturient does (Caba, Beyer, and GonzalezMariscal; in preparation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolactin Regulate Maternal Nest‐Building in Rabbits

González‐Mariscal

Melo

Jiménez

et al. 1996

J Neuroendocrinology

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Maternal nest-building in rabbits, expressed across the last third of pregnancy, consists of: digging a burrow, collecting straw and shaping it into a nest inside the burrow, plucking body hair and lining the straw nest with it. The sequential expression of these activities is correlated with specific changes in the plasma concentration of estradiol, progesterone (P), and prolactin (PRL). To further substantiate the participation of these hormones in the control of maternal nest-building we explored in ovariectomized (ovx) New Zealand white rabbits the capacity of several combinations of such hormones to stimulate digging, straw-carrying, and hair-pulling. Does given estradiol benzoate (EB; 5 micrograms/day from days 3 to 21) plus P (2 or 10 mg/day from days 4 to 16) dug into a substrate from the fourth day of the P treatment until withdrawal of this hormone. The intensity of this effect was greater in the group treated with the high dose of P. Straw-carrying and hair-pulling occurred after P withdrawal in a dose-response way. Food intake, which declines in pregnant females shortly before parturition, decreased to the same extent in both groups of ovx EB-treated does after P withdrawal. A significant increase in PRL plasma levels was observed on day 9 in does given EB plus 2 mg P/day and at two days following P withdrawal in does given EB plus 10 mg P/day. When such ovx EB/P-treated does were given bromocriptine to block PRL release (1 or 3 mg/Kg/day, from days 11 to 21) the expression of digging was unmodified. By contrast, bromocriptine abolished the display of straw-carrying and hair-pulling, and also prevented the decline in food intake normally following P withdrawal. The addition of ovine PRL to ovx EB/P-treated does given bromocriptine reduced the expression of digging, did not restore straw-carrying or hair-pulling, and provoked a sharp decline in food intake. The possible mechanisms of interaction between PRL and steroid hormones for the regulation of specific aspects of the pregnant doe's physiology and behavior are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolactin Regulate Maternal Nest‐Building in Rabbits

González‐Mariscal

Melo

Jiménez

et al. 1996

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…In view of the rapidity of remodeling (106), it is probable that the peptide and steroid act via a plasmalemmal mechanism (155), mobilizing cytosolic Ca 2ϩ and inducing signaling cascades that result in activation of gene expression and ultimately remodeling. In the magnocellular nuclei, the steroid does have rapid effects on the electrical activity of OT neurons (86), and it enhances OT gene expression (33) and central (202) and peripheral (210) peptide release. The oxytocin gene promoter, but not the VP promoter, possesses estrogen-responsive elements (see Ref.…”

Section: B Signaling Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity-Dependent Structural and Functional Plasticity of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions

Theodosis¹,

Poulain²,

Oliet³

2008

Physiological Reviews

455

350

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Observations from different brain areas have established that the adult nervous system can undergo significant experience-related structural changes throughout life. Less familiar is the notion that morphological plasticity affects not only neurons but glial cells as well. Yet there is abundant evidence showing that astrocytes, the most numerous cells in the mammalian brain, are highly mobile. Under physiological conditions as different as reproduction, sensory stimulation, and learning, they display a remarkable structural plasticity, particularly conspicuous at the level of their lamellate distal processes that normally ensheath all portions of neurons. Distal astrocytic processes can undergo morphological changes in a matter of minutes, a remodeling that modifies the geometry and diffusion properties of the extracellular space and relationships with adjacent neuronal elements, especially synapses. Astrocytes respond to neuronal activity via ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, and transporters on their processes; they transmit information via release of neuroactive substances. Where astrocytic processes are mobile then, astrocytic-neuronal interactions become highly dynamic, a plasticity that has important functional consequences since it modifies extracellular ionic homeostasis, neurotransmission, gliotransmission, and ultimately neuronal function at the cellular and system levels. Although a complete picture of intervening cellular mechanisms is lacking, some have been identified, notably certain permissive molecular factors common to systems capable of remodeling (cell surface and extracellular matrix adhesion molecules, cytoskeletal proteins) and molecules that appear specific to each system (neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, steroids, growth factors) that trigger or reverse the morphological changes.

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“…We therefore used the same preparation to assess the effects of oestrogen and testosterone on vasopressin and oxytocin secretion, and on vasopressin/oxytocin mRNA expression. The original inspiration for these experiments was the report by Crowley and Amico (55) showing that gonadectomy prevented the dehydration‐induced increase in vasopressin mRNA expression, and administration of exogenous testosterone restored the response. Because we were using HNS explants to study osmotic regulation of vasopressin/oxytocin secretion, and the perifusion medium was not supplemented with gonadal steroids, the possibility existed that the effect of an increase in osmolality might be greater in the presence of testosterone.…”

Section: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oestrogen Receptor β: Role in Neurohypophyseal Neurones

Sladek

Somponpun

2004

J Neuroendocrinology

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The robust expression of oestrogen receptor beta (ER-beta) in magnocellular vasopressin neurones has focused attention on the role of this receptor and the gonadal steroids in the regulation of vasopressin secretion. Although the effects of gonadal steroids on vasopressin secretion have been the subject of many studies, there is no consensus in the literature as to their role. Possible reasons for the diverse findings are discussed, including diversity in the types, site and level of expression of steroid receptors across species, gender and physiological conditions. The physiological regulation of expression is of particular interest because ER-beta mRNA expression in vasopressin neurones is inversely correlated to the osmotic state of the animal. Chronic hyperosmolality inhibits ER-beta mRNA expression in magnocellular vasopressin neurones, while chronic hypo-osmolality enhances expression. This is consistent with an inhibitory role for ER-beta because hyperosmolality is a potent stimulus for vasopressin secretion, whereas vasopressin secretion is maximally inhibited by chronic hypo-osmolality. An inhibitory role is also indicated by in vitro experiments demonstrating inhibition of osmotically stimulated vasopressin secretion by oestrogen and testosterone, and ER-beta mediated inhibition of NMDA-stimulated vasopressin secretion. The challenge remains to elucidate the mechanism of this inhibition, and to understand its significance for maintenance of whole-body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.

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Gonadal steroid modulation of oxytocin and vasopressin gene expression in the hypothalamus of the osmotically stimulated rat.

Cited by 52 publications

References 29 publications

Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolactin Regulate Maternal Nest‐Building in Rabbits

Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolactin Regulate Maternal Nest‐Building in Rabbits

Activity-Dependent Structural and Functional Plasticity of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions

Oestrogen Receptor β: Role in Neurohypophyseal Neurones

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