GOM20: A Stable Geodetic Reference Frame for Subsidence, Faulting, and Sea-Level Rise Studies along the Coast of the Gulf of Mexico

Wang, Guoquan; Zhou, Xin; Wang, Kuan; Xue, Ke; Zhang, Yongwei; Zhao, Ran; Bao, Yan

doi:10.3390/rs12030350

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…However, the similar rates estimated at the two tide gauges support the use of the estimated 1.10 mm/a as a regionally representative rate of ASLR (a r in supplementary equation set ( S1 )) in the Gulf of Mexico, which is comparable to an ASLR rate of 1.11 mm/a estimated from the tide gauge in Baltimore 43 . (Note: Wang et al 44 estimated ASLR for the Gulf of Mexico using a new reference frame but the results presented for ASLR for the same tide gauges analyzed in this article are not comparable to our estimate that is based on tide gauge Cedar Key for the period before 1992, because the measured LS (designated as VLM in their Table 2 ) in Wang et al 44 was relative and not based on an absolute reference frame such as GRS80 from SONEL used in this study).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land subsidence contributions to relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas

Liu

Fasullo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas, is the combination of absolute sea level rise and land subsidence. We estimate subsidence rates of 3.53 mm/a during 1909–1937, 6.08 mm/a during 1937–1983, and 3.51 mm/a since 1983. Subsidence attributed to aquifer-system compaction accompanying groundwater extraction contributed as much as 85% of the 0.7 m relative sea level rise since 1909, and an additional 1.9 m is projected by 2100, with contributions from land subsidence declining from 30 to 10% over the projection interval. We estimate a uniform absolute sea level rise rate of 1.10 mm ± 0.19/a in the Gulf of Mexico during 1909–1992 and its acceleration of 0.270 mm/a2 at Galveston Pier 21 since 1992. This acceleration is 87% of the value for the highest scenario of global mean sea level rise. Results indicate that evaluating this extreme scenario would be valid for resource-management and flood-hazard-mitigation strategies for coastal communities in the Gulf of Mexico, especially those affected by subsidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land subsidence contributions to relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas

Liu

Fasullo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Indeed, a subsidence rate of 15 cm yr −1 in Wuqing was reported by Zhang et al (2016) based on Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations during the period from 2012 to 2014. Other researchers also reported much faster subsidence in Tianjin during the 2000s and 2010s (Ye et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2016;Gong et al, 2018).…”

Section: Subsidence Ratesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Rapid Land Subsidence in Tianjin, China Derived from Continuous GPS Observations (2010–2019)

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2020

Proc. IAHS

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We have delineated ten years of urban subsidence derived from continuous GPS stations operated by the Crustal Movement Observational Network of China (CMONOC) within and adjacent to the municipality of Tianjin. A method for obtaining accurate site velocities with respect to a stable regional reference frame is described. CMONOC stations in Jizhou (JIXN) and Baodi (TJBD) districts recorded minor subsidence of approximately 1 to 2 mm yr −1 during the period from 2010 to 2019. One station in Wuqing (TJWQ) district and one station in Binhai (TJBH) district recorded steady subsidence of approximately 5 and 2 cm yr −1 from 2010 to 2019, respectively. One station in Cangzhou (HECX) of Hebei Province, adjacent to Tianjin, recorded steady subsidence of approximately 2.4 cm yr −1 during 2010-2014 and more rapid subsidence of 4 cm yr −1 since 2015. TJWQ recorded the most rapid land subsidence and the most significant seasonal ground oscillations (uplift and subsidence) among these five stations. This study indicates that subsidence rates in Tianjin vary significantly in space and time. Particular attention should be paid, therefore, to extrapolate or infer a rate of subsidence for an area on the basis of a subsidence rate obtained from previous GPS observations or proximal GPS sites. The subsidence time series presented in this study provide reliable "ground truth" and constraints for calibrating or validating subsidence estimations from numerical modeling and repeated surveys using other remote sensing techniques, such as Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR).

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“…The updated Stable Houston Reference Frame is designated Houston20. The Stable Gulf of Mexico Reference Frame initially was established in 2016 (Yu and Wang 2017) and updated in 2020, designated GOM20 (Wang et al 2020). GOM20 was realized using 55 continuous GNSS stations located on the stable portion of the Gulf Coastal Plain.…”

Section: Reference Frame Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed methods for realizing a stable regional reference frame and the criteria for selecting reference stations were addressed in previous publications (e.g., Kearns et al 2019;Wang et al 2020). The ECEF-XYZ coordinates with respect to IGS14 are transformed to Houston20 or GOM20 according to the following equations: to IGS14 and Houston20 or GOM20; T 0 x , T 0 y , and T 0 z are constant parameters indicating rates (one-time derivatives) of three translational shifts along x, y, z-coordinate axes; and R 0…”

Section: Reference Frame Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Geodetic Laboratory at UH has been responsible for the HoustonNet data process and analysis since 2016. A modern regional geodetic infrastructure comprises three fundamental components: a network of permanent GNSS stations (hardware), sophisticated software packages for raw data processing (software), and rigorous regional reference frames (firmware) (e.g., Wang et al 2019Wang et al , 2020. Firmware refers to the regional reference frame, also known as soft-hardware or embedded software.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Houston GNSS Network for Subsidence and Faulting Monitoring: Data Analysis Methods and Products

Wang

Greuter

Petersen³

et al. 2022

J. Surv. Eng.

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Harris-Galveston Subsidence District (HGSD), in collaboration with several other agencies, has been operating a dense Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network for subsidence and faulting monitoring within the Greater Houston region since the early 1990s. The GNSS network is designated HoustonNet, comprising approximately 250 permanent GNSS stations as of 2021. This paper documents the methods used to produce position time series, transform coordinates from the global to regional reference frames, identify outliers and steps, analyze seasonal movements, and estimate site velocities and uncertainties. The GNSS positioning methods presented in this paper achieve 2-4-mm RMS accuracy for daily positions in the north-south and east-west directions and 5-8-mm accuracy in the vertical direction within the Greater Houston region. Five-year or longer continuous observations are able to achieve submillimeter-per-year uncertainties (95% confidence interval) for both horizontal and vertical site velocities. Two decades of GNSS observations indicate that Katy in Fort Bend County, Jersey Village in northwestern Harris County, and The Woodlands in southern Montgomery County have been the areas most affected by subsidence (1-2 cm=year) since the 2000s; the overall subsidence rate and the size of subsiding area (>5 mm=year) have been decreasing as a result of the groundwater regulations enforced by HGSD and other local agencies. HoustonNet data and products are released to the public through HGSD. The primary products are the daily East-North-Up (ENU) position time series and site velocities with respect to the International GNSS Service (IGS) Reference Frame 2014 (IGS14), the stable Gulf of Mexico Reference Frame (GOM20), and the stable Houston Reference Frame (Houston20). The ENU position time series with respect to Houston20 are recommended for delineating subsidence and faulting within the Greater Houston region. The ENU time series with respect to GOM20 are recommended for studying subsidence and faulting within the Gulf coastal plain and sea-level changes along the Gulf Coast. The entire HoustonNet data set is reprocessed every a few years with updated positioning software, IGS and regional reference frames, and data analysis tools. We recommend that users use the most recent release of HoustonNet data products and avoid mixing old and new positions.

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GOM20: A Stable Geodetic Reference Frame for Subsidence, Faulting, and Sea-Level Rise Studies along the Coast of the Gulf of Mexico

Cited by 23 publications

References 75 publications

Land subsidence contributions to relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas

Land subsidence contributions to relative sea level rise at tide gauge Galveston Pier 21, Texas

Rapid Land Subsidence in Tianjin, China Derived from Continuous GPS Observations (2010–2019)

Houston GNSS Network for Subsidence and Faulting Monitoring: Data Analysis Methods and Products

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