Gold‐Speckled SPION@SiO₂ Nanoparticles Decorated with Thiocarbohydrates for ASGPR1 Targeting: Towards HCC Dual Mode Imaging Potential Applications

Abstract

Efforts are made to perform an early and accurate detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by simultaneous exploiting multiple clinically non‐invasive imaging modalities. Original nanostructures derived from the combination of different inorganic domains can be used as efficient contrast agents in multimodal imaging. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and Au nanoparticles (NPs) possess well‐established contrasting features in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X‐ray computed tomography (CT), respectively. HCC can be targeted by using specific carbohydrates able to recognize asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGPR1) overexpressed in hepatocytes. Here, two different thiocarbohydrate ligands were purposely designed and alternatively conjugated to the surface of Au‐speckled silica‐coated SPIONs NPs, to achieve two original nanostructures that could be potentially used for dual mode targeted imaging of HCC. The results indicated that the two thiocarbohydrate decorated nanostructures possess convenient plasmonic/superparamagnetic properties, well‐controlled size and morphology and good selectivity for targeting ASGPR1 receptor.

Polydopamine-Coated Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: From Design to Applications

“…Moreover, their surface functionalization is essential not only to make them stable against degradation, but also to convey additional properties that enable their specific activity towards target cells, such as tumor cells in order to address hyperthermia, towards biological ligands for the development of electrochemical sensors, and also towards pollutants for the uptake of contaminants from water, thus leading to the fabrication of various nanocomposites with applications in many technological fields [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. The strategies developed for the protection of magnetic nanoparticles, their surface engineering, and their integration in functional structures and materials, can be divided into two major groups: surface coating with inorganic materials (silica shell [ 33 , 34 ], carbon [ 35 , 36 ], metals [ 37 ]) and coating with organic materials (surfactants, polymers [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]). In recent years, biopolymers including cellulose, alginate, chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and synthetic eumelanin-type biopolymers such as mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) have received much more attention for MNPs coating owing to their physicochemical properties, which are useful for different applications in various research areas.…”

“…Copyright 2020 Elsevier); ( C ) Mosaic Fe 3 O 4 polydopamine nanoparticles; ( D ) Au speckled SPION@SiO 2 NPs (reproduced with permission from ref. [ 33 ]. Copyright 2020 John Wiley and Sons); ( E ) Polyethylene glycol (PEG) stabilized MnFe 2 O 4 @MnO Janus nanoparticles (reproduced with permission from ref.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of SPIONs Encapsulating Polydopamine Nanoparticles and Their Test for Aqueous Cu2+ Ion Removal

“…As a preliminary step in the preparation of the SPION@PDA NPs, the synthesis of organic-capped SPIONs was carried out at 250 °C to promote the hot decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl an as iron precursor in the presence of coordinating solvents, such as OLEA and OLEAM, which coordinate the surface of the NPs, also directing their growth [ 36 ]. This synthetic procedure best allows one to have a good control of the size, crystallinity and, accordingly, the resulting physicochemical properties of SPIONs.…”

MRI Contrast Agents in Glycobiology

“…Au-speckled silica-coated spherical SPIOs functionalized with the thioglycosides 2-aminoethyl-1-thio-β- d -galactopyranoside (β- d -Gal/Au/SPIO@SiO 2 NPs) or 2-aminoethyl-1-thio-β- d -lactopyranoside (β- d -Lac/Au/SPIO@SiO 2 NPs), with 44 nm size (obtained by TEM) and hydrodynamic diameters of about 100 nm and 120 nm, respectively (obtained by DLS), show high colloidal stability in aqueous media due to their negative zeta potential values of −42 mV and −39 mV, respectively. Their optical and magnetic properties and their in vitro targeting of the ASGP-R1 receptor overexpressed in the HepG-2 and HLE human liver cancer cell lines showed their potential for targeted dual-modal MRI/OI of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [ 111 ].…”