Gold Nanoshells in Biomedical Applications

Abstract

The sections in this article are Introduction Physical Properties of Gold Nanoshells Overview of General Optical Properties The Physics of Gold Nanoshells The Dielectric Function of Gold The Quasi‐Static Approximation and Conditions for Surface Plasmon Resonance M ie Theory Near‐Field Enhancement Photoluminescence Photo‐Thermal Material Characteristics Synthesis and Bioconjugation Synthesis Bioconjugation: Smarter Nanoshells Biodistribution, Toxicity Profile and Transport Biodistribution Studies Transport Mechanisms Toxicity Biomedical Applications In Vitro Cancer Detection and Imaging In Vivo Detection and Imaging Integrated Cancer Imaging and Therapy Agents In Vitro Studies In Vivo Photothermal Therapy Drug Delivery Tissue Welding Biosensors Absorbance‐Based Biosensing SERS Biosensing Concluding Remarks

Surface scattering of core–shell particles with anisotropic shell

“…For example, metallic nanoshells have found several applications in the biomedical field due to their optical properties that render them ideal for tissue monitoring [1]. Namely, the position of the plasmon resonance-induced absorption peak of metallic nanoshells can be shifted into the near-infrared window of the electromagnetic spectrum by tuning the ratio of the core and shell diameters.…”

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“…Today, the AuNPs play a very significant role in the field of nanomedicine 72 . The biomedical applications of Au NPs have been reviewed by several scholars [72][73][74][75][76][77] .…”

A novel high yield process for gold sulfide nanoparticle synthesis via shifting equilibrium of self-assembly reaction.

“…Gold nanoshells (GNS) are tunable spherical nanoparticles, composed of a dielectric core covered by a thin gold shell, with diameters ranging from 10 to 200 nm (Erickson and Tunnell 2007 GNS, due to their unique physical characteristics and benign toxicity profile, have been using in number of biomedical applications (Erickson and Tunnell 2007); however, they have shown the greatest potential for cancer targeting, imaging, and therapy agents.…”

“…The use of GNS in contrast agents has been utilized to detect and image individual cancer cells in vitro and in vivo (Lowery, Gobin et al 2006;Erickson and Tunnell 2007;Gobin, Lee et al 2007). As a photothermal agent, GNS have successfully shown, in animal studies, to induce thermal necrosis of tumors.…”

“…As a photothermal agent, GNS have successfully shown, in animal studies, to induce thermal necrosis of tumors. As biosensors, GNS have been used for the sensitive detection of biomarkers at the ng/ml concentrations (Hirsch, Jackson et al 2003;Erickson and Tunnell 2007).…”