Gold nanorods and nanospheroids for enhancing spontaneous emission

Mohammadi, Ahmad; Sandoghdar, Vahid; Agio, Mario

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/10/105015

Cited by 127 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…4(b), we can easily find that the PNEs have larger Purcell factors than PNRs at the same wavelength. These results fully accord with the former conclusion drawn by Rogobete [20] and Mohammadi [21]. Moreover, we note that, in Fig.…”

Section: Influence Of the Electric Dipole Orientation And Positionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In the work of Mohammadi [21], displacement of the emitter along the nano-particle axis away from the center was performed. They pointed out this displacement can modified the emission pattern and get stronger enhancement.…”

Section: Influence Of the Electric Dipole Orientation And Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, a detailed exploration of limitations including the volume, size, and shape of the antenna which could yield even better performance is shown in the work of Mohammadi et al [21]. However, considering the computational burden, the speed of calculation, and the feasibility of using body of revolution (BOR) FDTD method, their models have to be limited to emitters located and oriented such that the system preserves cylindrical symmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing Nano-Optical Antenna for the Enhancement of Spontaneous Emission

Gao¹,

Li²,

Kong

et al. 2010

PIER

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Abstract-We study the characteristics of nano-optical antenna made of two gold nano-particles by three dimensional numerical calculations in visible and near infrared bands. To carry the computational burden and guarantee the precision and speed of a three dimensional FDTD calculation, adaptive mesh refinement technology is used. In this paper, we first highlight the concrete way of controlling the emitter position and orientation to fulfill the requirements of larger spontaneous emission enhancement. Then, we analyze the far field distribution and find that the far field directivity is strongly influenced by surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Choosing the incident wavelength of 600 nm, we compute the decay rates and radiant efficiency as a function of antenna geometry limitations. Next, the particle aspect ratio is optimized, and we obtain that L/R = 4 is the best for our optical-antenna. Furthermore, we present a spectrum analysis. Around 5000 fold spontaneous emission enhancement is successfully achieved. Finally, we find a piecewise linearity relationship between the particle length and resonant wavelength.

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Section: Influence Of the Electric Dipole Orientation And Positionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Influence Of the Electric Dipole Orientation And Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optimizing Nano-Optical Antenna for the Enhancement of Spontaneous Emission

Gao¹,

Li²,

Kong

et al. 2010

PIER

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“…20,25 The propagating field along the nanowires and the output field at the opposite side reach the maxima at one or multiple half-wave resonances of the plasmons (the number of half-wave oscillations is expressed by m). Figure 1a shows the plasmon resonances with m ϭ 7 at ϭ 590 nm for the nanowire array with length L ϭ 540 nm (the simulations with m ϭ 1, 2, and 3 are presented in Figure S1 in Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmon-Mediated Radiative Energy Transfer across a Silver Nanowire Array via Resonant Transmission and Subwavelength Imaging

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2010

ACS Nano

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D irectional control over the excitation energy transfer between different nanosystems is of critical importance for the emerging field of nanophotonics and has various prospective applications ranging from biological detections to quantum information processing. 1Ϫ14 For instance, the excitation energy transfer between semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is employed to demonstrate quantum operations, 4 and the stimulated interactions between active optical dipoles and surface plasmons are used to generate plasmonic lasing. 5Ϫ8 Comparing with nonradiative energy transfer (such as Dexter and Fö rster processes), 15,16 radiative energy transfer has sufficient distance range but poor efficiency and directionality. The surface plasmons of the exquisitely designing and optimizing metal nanostructures are powerful tools to enhance the efficiency of both radiative and nonradiative energy transfers. 1,17Ϫ19 The Ag films have been used by Andrew et al. to first demonstrate plasmon-mediated radiative energy transfer from donor to acceptor dye molecules over distances longer than 100 nm, 1 which proceeds in three processes, converting optical dipole of the donors to the surface plasmon on one interface of a Ag film, then cross coupling of two surface plasmons on the opposite interfaces of the film, and finally transferring excitation energy to the acceptors on the opposite side. On the basis of this principle, the corrugated nanostructures have been used by Feng et al. to enhance the cross coupling of the two surface plasmons on the opposite interfaces. 17 A two-dimensional (2D) standing metal nanowire array could be a good candidate to assist radiative energy transfer due to its near-field coupling and imaging behaviors. 20,21 The excitation energy of nanoemitters can be efficiently converted to the surface plasmons through strong coupling near the tips of the Ag nanowires, 10 and the corresponding Purcell factor, P (the ratio of the spontaneous emission rate into the plasmon modes over emission into other channels), is predicted to be as high as 10 3 . 22,23 Metal nanorods support both longitudinal and transverse surface plasmon resonances (abbreviated by LSPRs and TSPRs, respectively) by the free electrons near the metal surface oscillating perpendicularly to and along the long axis of the nanorods. Resonant transmission through a Au nanorod array with a far-field excitation is reported by Lyvers et al.,24 which is found to be caused by the half-

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“…S13. We remark that recent works have shown that, in fact, structures as simple as single plasmonic nanospheres 24 , nanodisks 25 or nanorods 26 can act as optical antennas with strong scattering properties and large optical near-field enhancement 20,21,24 . Printing such plasmonic nanostructures may also be employed for applications in gas sensing 27 , graphene pholtovoltaics 28 or low-energy photon detection 29 .…”

Section: Structure Growth By Electrostatic Nanodroplet Autofocussingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Direct printing of nanostructures by electrostatic autofocussing of ink nanodroplets

et al. 2012

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nanotechnology, with its broad impact on societally relevant applications, relies heavily on the availability of accessible nanofabrication methods. Even though a host of such techniques exists, the flexible, inexpensive, on-demand and scalable fabrication of functional nanostructures remains largely elusive. Here we present a method involving nanoscale electrohydrodynamic ink-jet printing that may significantly contribute in this direction. A combination of nanoscopic placement precision, soft-landing fluid dynamics, rapid solvent vapourization, and subsequent self-assembly of the ink colloidal content leads to the formation of scaffolds with base diameters equal to that of a single ejected nanodroplet. The virtually material-independent growth of nanostructures into the third dimension is then governed by an autofocussing phenomenon caused by local electrostatic field enhancement, resulting in large aspect ratio. We demonstrate the capabilities of our electrohydrodynamic printing technique with several examples, including the fabrication of plasmonic nanoantennas with features sizes down to 50 nm.

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Gold nanorods and nanospheroids for enhancing spontaneous emission

Cited by 127 publications

References 52 publications

Optimizing Nano-Optical Antenna for the Enhancement of Spontaneous Emission

Optimizing Nano-Optical Antenna for the Enhancement of Spontaneous Emission

Plasmon-Mediated Radiative Energy Transfer across a Silver Nanowire Array via Resonant Transmission and Subwavelength Imaging

Direct printing of nanostructures by electrostatic autofocussing of ink nanodroplets

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