“…Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have received increasing attention in the past decades because of their chemical inertness, biocompatibility, as well as unique optical and catalytic properties [1][2][3][4]. Surface chemical functionalization of Au-NPs with tactical molecules not only effectively prevents their aggregation but also largely expands their potential applications in various fields such as optical devices, bioimaging, biological labeling, sensors, and catalysis, owing to the synergistic effect between functional molecules and Au-NPs [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”