Gold nanoparticles embedded electropolymerized thin film of pyrimidine derivative on glassy carbon electrode for highly sensitive detection of l -cysteine

Kannan, Ayyadurai; Sevvel, Ranganathan

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.105

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The R ct values of the AuNP-modified GC electrodes are decreased significantly when compared to the bare GC electrode. This indicates that the presence of the deposited AuNP films has greatly enhanced the electron-transfer kinetics of [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3−/4− ions on the AuNP-modified GC electrode surfaces 33 through the improved the electrical conductivity of the modified electrodes 15 by the nanoparticles formed. Moreover, comparing the R ct values for each different type of AuNP-modified GC electrodes, there is no significant difference in the R ct values.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This indicates that by the presence of the deposited AuNP films on the GC electrode surfaces, the R ct values are significantly reduced. 33 The decrease in the R ct values led to the greater enhancement of the electron-transfer kinetics of the [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3−/4− at the AuNPmodified GC electrode surfaces. This data trend is supported by the data observed in the Bode plots, as shown in Figure 8B.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effect of Supporting Background Electrolytes on the Nanostructure Morphologies and Electrochemical Behaviors of Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrode Surfaces

et al. 2021

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Electrodeposition is an electrochemical method employed to deposit stable and robust gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on electrode surfaces for creating chemically modified electrodes (CMEs). The use of several electrodeposition techniques with different experimental parameters allow in obtaining various surface morphologies of AuNPs deposited on the electrode surface. By considering the electrodeposition of AuNPs in various background electrolytes could play an important strategy in finding the most suitable formation of the electrodeposited AuNP films on the electrode surface. This is because different electrode roughnesses can have different effects on the electrochemical activities of the modified electrodes. Thus, in this study, the electrodeposition of AuNPs onto the glassy carbon (GC) electrode surfaces in various aqueous neutral and acidic electrolytes was achieved by using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique with no adjustable CV parameters. Then, surface morphologies and electrochemical activities of the electrodeposited AuNPs were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The obtained SEM and 3D-AFM images show that AuNPs deposited at the GC electrode prepared in NaNO3 solution form a significantly better, uniform, and homogeneous electrodeposited AuNP film on the GC electrode surface with nanoparticle sizes ranging from ∼36 to 60 nm. Meanwhile, from the electrochemical performances of the AuNP-modified GC electrodes, characterized by using a mixture of ferricyanide and ferrocyanide ions [Fe(CN6)3–/4–], there is no significant difference observed in the case of charge-transfer resistances (R ct) and heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constants (k o), although there are differences in the surface morphologies of the electrodeposited AuNP films. Remarkably, the R ct values of the AuNP-modified GC electrodes are lower than those of the bare GC electrode by 18-fold, as the R ct values were found to be ∼6 Ω (p < 0.001, n = 3). This has resulted in obtaining k o values of AuNP-modified GC electrodes between the magnitude of 10–2 and 10–3 cm s–1, giving a faster electron-transfer rate than that of the bare GC electrode (10–4 cm s–1). This study confirms that using an appropriate supporting background electrolyte plays a critical role in preparing electrodeposited AuNP films. This approach could lead to nanostructures with a more densely, uniformly, and homogeneously electrodeposited AuNP film on the electrode surfaces, albeit utilizing an easy and simple preparation method.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Supporting Background Electrolytes on the Nanostructure Morphologies and Electrochemical Behaviors of Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrode Surfaces

et al. 2021

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“…Therefore, to achieve the desired sensitivity to detect cysteine in these low concentration ranges, diverse modifiers have been proposed to be exploited in electrochemical cysteine sensors. Noble metals, e.g., gold [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], palladium [ 67 ], platinum [ 67 ], silver [ 68 , 69 , 70 ], noble metal composites, e.g., gold/copper [ 71 ], gold/silver [ 72 ], gold/nickel [ 73 ], gold/platinum [ 74 ] and silver/palladium [ 75 ], have been extensively used. Additionally, metal oxides, e.g., CeO 2 [ 76 ], Cu (X) O [ 77 ], Fe 2 O 3 [ 78 ], MgO [ 79 ], MnO 2 [ 80 ], NiO [ 81 ], SnO 2 [ 82 ], TiO 2 [ 83 ], WO 3 [ 84 ], Y 2 O 3 [ 85 ] and ZnO [ 86 ], as well as organic modifiers [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , …”

Section: Electrochemical Analysis Of Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Amino Acid Sensing: A Review on Challenges and Achievements

Moulaee

Neri

2021

Biosensors

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The rapid growth of research in electrochemistry in the last decade has resulted in a significant advancement in exploiting electrochemical strategies for assessing biological substances. Among these, amino acids are of utmost interest due to their key role in human health. Indeed, an unbalanced amino acid level is the origin of several metabolic and genetic diseases, which has led to a great need for effective and reliable evaluation methods. This review is an effort to summarize and present both challenges and achievements in electrochemical amino acid sensing from the last decade (from 2010 onwards) to show where limitations and advantages stem from. In this review, we place special emphasis on five well-known electroactive amino acids, namely cysteine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine and histidine. The recent research and achievements in this area and significant performance metrics of the proposed electrochemical sensors, including the limit of detection, sensitivity, stability, linear dynamic range(s) and applicability in real sample analysis, are summarized and presented in separate sections. More than 400 recent scientific studies were included in this review to portray a rich set of ideas and exemplify the capabilities of the electrochemical strategies to detect these essential biomolecules at trace and even ultra-trace levels. Finally, we discuss, in the last section, the remaining issues and the opportunities to push the boundaries of our knowledge in amino acid electrochemistry even further.

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“…The linear equation is expressed as ΔI (μA/cm −2 )=−2.21×10 −2 C (μM)+15.68, and R 2 =0.9960, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 11.4 nM (LOD=3.3 σ/S , where σ is the standard deviation of the 11 measurements of the blank current and S is the slope of the linear equation). Compared with other methods for the detection of L‐cysteine (Table ) , the newly designed ZnTAPc‐Gr‐modified ITO electrode exhibits relatively high sensitivity, wide linearity range, low detection limit, and excellent reproducibility.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Photoelectrochemical Detection of L‐Cysteine with a Covalently Grafted ZnTAPc‐Gr‐based Probe

et al. 2020

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L‐cysteine plays a vital role in organisms, and is an important biomarker for many pathological diseases that seriously affect human health. In the study, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) probe with zinc‐tetramine phthalocyanine covalently grafted to graphene oxide (ZnTAPc‐Gr) was developed for L‐cysteine detection. Graphene oxide (GO) with carboxyl was used to immobilize zinc‐tetramine phthalocyanine (ZnTAPc) with amidogen (a graft structure formed by an amide covalent bond), which could firmly immobilize ZnTAPc, thereby improving the photoelectrochemical performance and stability. L‐cysteine molecule, an electron acceptor, was specifically recognized by the PEC probe, exhibiting a decrease in the photocurrent signal. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the fabricated PEC probe exhibited excellent performance in L‐cysteine analysis within a linear range of 0.25–113 μM and a detection limit of 11.4 nM. The PEC probe showed high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. The method described herein provides an effective strategy for PEC probe construction for L‐cysteine detection, and can also serve as a promising PEC platform for the analyses of other small molecules.

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Gold nanoparticles embedded electropolymerized thin film of pyrimidine derivative on glassy carbon electrode for highly sensitive detection of l -cysteine

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of Supporting Background Electrolytes on the Nanostructure Morphologies and Electrochemical Behaviors of Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrode Surfaces

Effect of Supporting Background Electrolytes on the Nanostructure Morphologies and Electrochemical Behaviors of Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrode Surfaces

Electrochemical Amino Acid Sensing: A Review on Challenges and Achievements

Photoelectrochemical Detection of L‐Cysteine with a Covalently Grafted ZnTAPc‐Gr‐based Probe

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