Gold nanoparticles and oxidative stress in Mytilus edulis

Abstract

Little is known about potential environmental impact of nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles can cause unexpected biological responses. Here, Mytilus edulis were exposed (24h) to gold-citrate nanoparticles (GNP), menadione and both compounds simultaneously (GNP/menadione). Protein ubiquitination and carbonylation were determined in gill, mantle and digestive gland, along with traditional oxidative stress biomarkers; catalase activity and neutral red retention time assay (haemolymph). 2DE gels were performed on gill proteins (menadione; GNP/menadione). Our results reveal that GNP may induce oxidative stress.

Citrate gold nanoparticle exposure in the marine bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum: uptake, elimination and oxidative stress response

“…Tedesco et al (2008) found oxidative stress provoked by 750 μg L −1 of ∼13 nm citrate gold particles in the digestive gland tissue of the mussel Mytilus edulis, while ∼5 nm sized particles of equal concentration caused oxidative damage in form of lipid peroxidation (Tedesco et al 2010), suggesting a size-dependent toxicity response. Whereas Pan et al (2012) identified a sizeindependent increase in the activity of selected phase II antioxidant enzymes and metallothionein in the whole tissue of the clam Scrobicularia plana after 16 days of exposure to 100 μg L −1 of 5, 15 and 40 nm citrate AuNPs, as well as decreased burrowing kinetics after 7 days, as a response to 15 and 40 nm particles.…”

“…For AuNPs, some of the initial research suggested harmful potential both in vivo and in vitro (Goodman et al 2004;Pernodet et al 2006), while other studies did not identify adverse effects provoked by particle exposure (Connor et al 2005;Chithrani et al 2006;Khan et al 2007). In recent years, a variety of studies have demonstrated that AuNPs can induce ROS, and resulting oxidative stress has been recognized as one of the principal mechanisms of their toxicity (Li et al 2008;Renault et al 2008;Tedesco et al 2008Tedesco et al , 2010Pan et al 2009Pan et al , 2012Vecchio et al 2012).…”

Subcellular localization of gold nanoparticles in the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia plana after exposure through the water

“…Recent literature contains conflicting data regarding oxidative stress [7,13,28] and cytotoxicity of AuNPs [15,24,29]. Tissues have potential defense mechanisms, including intracellular antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes [30] such as glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and metallothionein proteins (MTs).…”

Potential Environmental Impact of Nanoenergetics

“…53 Accumulation and oxidative stress were also reported in the digestive glands of M. edulis exposed to gold citrate nanoparticles (13 nm) and in the digestive glands of Crassostrea gigas exposed to C60-fullerene in vitro and in vivo. 54,55 Another mussel species (M. galloprovincialis) exposed to C60-fullerene also exhibited oxidative stress, a number of alterations in hemocytes (invertebrate immune cells) and a decrease in lysosomal stability in the digestive glands. 56,57 Similar effects were reported in M. edulis hemocytes exposed to C60-fullerene in the same concentration range, 58 while no effects were observed after exposure to CNT.…”