Gold nanoparticle induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells

Abstract

The present study reports the chemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using sodium borohydride as a reducing and capping agent. The various temperatures and time intervals were investigated for controlled formation of AuNPs. The characterization of AuNPs was studied using UV-vis spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected area diffraction (SAED), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrophotometer (Edx), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and results indicated that AuNPs were spheroid in shape and cubic lattice and face centered in nature with 29 nm in size. AuNPs have potential antimicrobial activity against selected human clinical pathogens. IC 50 concentration of AuNPs was determined as 20 μg/ml against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines using MTT assay. The morphological and apoptosis effects of AuNPs on NSCLC were investigated using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB), 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA), rhodamine 123, and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining method, and results indicated that AuNPs have potential anticancer activity against NSCLC cell lines. The anticancer activity of AuNPs is that it has less toxicity against human HBL100 normal cells. These anticancer potentials of AuNPs were compared with the standard drug cisplatin. Moreover, after 24 h exposure, AuNPs arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase in A549 cells. These findings suggested that AuNPs could act as a potential anticancer agent against lung cancer.

Target delivery of doxorubicin tethered with PVP stabilized gold nanoparticles for effective treatment of lung cancer

“…The cytotoxic activity of Dox@PVP-AuNPs against human lung cancer cell lines was determined by following previously described method 51 . Lung cancer cells were seeded in a 96-well plate (10 × 10 4 cells per well) and incubated for 24 hr.…”

Gold Nanoparticle-Induced Cell Death and Potential Applications in Nanomedicine

“…Except for PVP and citrate decoration, NaBH 4 -, BSA-, imidazole-, and PEG-decorated GNPs could also elicit apoptosis. GNPs (29 nm) with NaBH 4 as a reducing agent induced apoptosis in A549 cells, indicating that GNPs could act as a potential drug for lung cancer [ 64 ]. BSA-coated GNPs (1 nm) induced apoptosis in HepG-2 cells [ 65 ].…”

Anticarcinogenic potential of gold nanoparticles synthesized from Trichosanthes kirilowii in colon cancer cells through the induction of apoptotic pathway

“…Acridine orange was used in conjunction with ethidium bromide to distinguish between viable, necrotic and apoptotic cells [36]. [ 37,38]. AuNPs efficiently arrest the cell-cycle progress specifically at the phase of G0/G1and it consequently leads to apoptosis [39].…”