Gold leaf electrochemical sensors: applications and nanostructure modification

Prasertying, Paithoon; Jantawong, Nanthatchaphon; Sonsa‐ard, Thitaporn; Wongpakdee, Thinnapong; Khoonrueng, Nuttamon; Buking, Supatana; Nacapricha, Duangjai

doi:10.1039/d0an02455d

“…, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy or differential pulse voltammetry), the overall resistivity of the substrate may also impact the analytical performance of the sensor when other techniques (such as CV) are used. While several authors have described the use of gold leaf as an inexpensive material toward the fabrication of electrodes, − we selected vapor deposition considering the increased practicality, reproducibility, and speed of the method. It is important to mention that for these experiments, only a small amount of gold (35 μg/cm 2 ) was required to significantly decrease the lateral resistance of the paper-derived carbon electrodes (<1 Ω, from the contact point to the middle of the detection spot, see Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Using Paper-Derived Electrochemical Biosensors

Ayres

¹

,

Brooks

²

,

Whitehead

³

et al. 2022

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Several groups have recently explored the idea of developing electrochemical paper-based wearable devices, specifically targeting metabolites in sweat. While these sensors have the potential to provide a breadth of analytical information, there are several key challenges to address before these sensors can be widely adopted for clinical interventions. Toward this goal, we describe the development of a paper-based electrochemical sensor for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus. Enabling the application, this report describes the use of paper-derived carbon electrodes, which were modified with a thin layer of sputtered gold (that minimizes lateral resistivity and significantly improves the electron transfer process) and with chitosan (used as a binder, to offer flexibility). The resulting material was laser-patterned and applied for the development of an electrochemical biosensor controlled (via a wireless connection) by a custom-built, portable potentiostat. As no interference was observed when exposed to other bacteria or common metabolites, this wearable system (paper-derived electrodes + potentiostat) has the potential to detect the presence of S. aureus in the skin, a commonly misdiagnosed and mistreated infection.

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“…Pure gold leaf sheets are extremely thin, affordable sheets of gold that cost $51.87 per 25 (14 cm × 14 cm) sheets. 86 Pure gold leaf has been used to make electrodes, [87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] using equipment-free fabrication (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Pure Gold Leaf Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in gold electrode fabrication for low-resource setting biosensing

Zamani

¹

,

Klapperich

²

,

Furst

³

2023

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“…Very low-cost gold leaf sheets of nanometer thickness made of almost pure gold are not a frequently used material for making electrochemical sensors because of the difficulty in sheets handling and their fragility (Prasertying et al 2021). Up to today, only a few reports present pure gold leaf as electrochemical sensors: Matsui et al, developed a microband gold-leaf electrode for glucose sensing (Matsui et al 2017), Zamani et al, produced a gold-leaf electrode for sensing DNAse I activity (Zamani et al 2021), and Prasertying et al, fabricated a planar electrochemical sensor comprising gold-leaf as the working electrode for Pb 2+ -ion detection (Prasertying et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very low-cost gold leaf sheets of nanometer thickness made of almost pure gold are not a frequently used material for making electrochemical sensors because of the difficulty in sheets handling and their fragility (Prasertying et al 2021). Up to today, only a few reports present pure gold leaf as electrochemical sensors: Matsui et al, developed a microband gold-leaf electrode for glucose sensing (Matsui et al 2017), Zamani et al, produced a gold-leaf electrode for sensing DNAse I activity (Zamani et al 2021), and Prasertying et al, fabricated a planar electrochemical sensor comprising gold-leaf as the working electrode for Pb 2+ -ion detection (Prasertying et al 2021). In these cases, gold-leaf electrodes were obtained by mounting the leaf between two layers of insulating polyimide, polyester or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) adhesive tape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost gold-leaf electrode as a platform forEscherichia coliimmuno-detection

Podunavac

¹

,

Kukkar

²

,

Léguillier

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

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Gold electrodes are one of most prevalent substrates in electrochemical biosensors because they can be easily and highly efficiently functionalized with thiolated biomolecules. However, conventional methods to fabricate gold electrodes are costly, time consuming and require onerous equipment. Here, an affordable method for rapid fabrication of an electrochemical immunosensor for Escherichia coli detection is presented. The gold electrode was generated using 24 karat gold leaves and low-cost polyvinyl chloride adhesive sheets covered with an insulating PTFE layer. The gold-leaf electrode (GLE) was patterned using laser ablation and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, contact angle and 3D profiling. The GLEs were modified by a self-assembled mercaptopropionic monolayer, followed by surface activation to allow binding of the specific anti-E. coli antibody via carbodiimide linking. The biosensor showed a detection limit of 2 CFU/ml and a linear dynamic range of 10-107 CFU/ml for E. coli cells. No false positive signals were obtained from control bacteria. The obtained results demonstrated suitability of GLE for use in biosensors with high reliability and reproducibility. It is foreseeable that our work will inspire design of point-of-need biosensors broadly applicable in low-resource settings.

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Gold leaf electrochemical sensors: applications and nanostructure modification

Abstract: This work presents the first planar three-electrode electrochemical sensor comprising local gold leaf as the working electrode and printed, or hand-drawn, counter and reference electrodes, respectively. The gold leaf was...

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Using Paper-Derived Electrochemical Biosensors

Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Using Paper-Derived Electrochemical Biosensors

Recent advances in gold electrode fabrication for low-resource setting biosensing

Low-cost gold-leaf electrode as a platform forEscherichia coliimmuno-detection

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