Gold deposits in the Xiaoqinling-Xiong'ershan region, Qinling Mountains, central China

Mao, Jingwen; Goldfarb, Richard J.; Zhang, Zhengwei; Xu, Wei; Qiu, Yumin; Deng, Jun

doi:10.1007/s00126-001-0248-1

Cited by 223 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to previous research, gold mineralization of the Qiyugou deposit can be divided into three stages [8][9][10][11][12]15,16] : (1) early quartz-pyrite stage characterized by quartz, disseminated pyrite, and biotite; (2) main quartz-K-feldspar (adularia)-polymetallic sulphide stage having wide-spreading occurrence of quartz, adularia, pyrite, calcite, and sericite; (3) late quartz-calcite stage defined by intensive calcitization and weak silicification with minor sulphides. Gold mineralization mainly occurred in the second stage and is closely associated with intensive adularia-quartz-pyrite-calcite alteration [10,16] .…”

Section: Geology and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single grain Rb-Sr dating of euhedral and cataclastic pyrite from the Qiyugou gold deposit in western Henan, central China

Han

Zhang

et al. 2007

CHINESE SCI BULL

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The Rb-Sr isotopic dating of pyrite mineral from ore deposits can directly provide mineralization age. However, many geological factors may affect the Rb-Sr isotopic system, which baffles application of this method. Employing ultra-low procedural blank Rb-Sr method, we have dated pyrites separated from the No. 4 breccia pipe of the Qiyugou gold deposit, western Henan Province. Single grains of euhedral pyrite crystal with few micro-cracks yield an isochron age of 126 ± 11 Ma, which represents time of the main mineralization stage of the deposit. Pyrite grains of cataclastic type show nevertheless scattered Rb-Sr isotopic composition and no reasonable isochron can be defined. Crystal morphology and mineral inclusion studies reveal that Rb and Sr of pyrite mineral probably are preserved mainly in biotite, K-feldspar, and sericite mineral inclusions. The dating results likely suggest that cataclastic pyrite is not suitable for the Rb-Sr dating due to modification of the Rb-Sr isotopic system by later hydrothermal activity of fluid.pyrite, Rb-Sr dating, single grain, ultra-low procedural blank, QiyugouAs a common sulphide in gold deposits, pyrite mineral is an important gold host usually forming simultaneously with mineralization. Therefore, isotopic dating on pyrite mineral can directly provide ore-forming ages because of its strong crystalline capacity, rapid crystalline rate and thereby potential to keep isotopic closure [1,2] . The Rb-Sr isochron method has been applied to pyrite in recent years and whereas some successful examples have been reported [3][4][5] , in many cases this method failed to give reliable ages. In order to improve application of this method effectively, it is crucial to reveal geological factors influencing the Rb-Sr dating of pyrite. Yang and Zhou [3,4] firstly dated pyrite successfully using the Rb-Sr isochron method in combination with a "sub-sample" technique (pyrites from different parts of a sample). But this method needs a large quantity of pyrite samples (about 500 mg) and in most cases, it is difficult to identify and separate crystals of syngenetic and synchronous pyrite grains. Recently, a combination of ultra-low procedural blank and high precision measurement of Rb-Sr isotopic ratios has been achieved for analysis of micro-samples [6,7] , which leads to attempting dating single-grain or micro-sample of pyrite [5] . In this study, euhedral and cataclastic pyrite minerals from a breccia pipe of the Qiyugou gold deposit were dated by using the single-grain Rb-Sr method. The euhedral pyrite grains yield a good isochron age, while the cataclastic pyrites cannot define reasonable isochron probably due to modification of the Rb-Sr sys-

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Section: Geology and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gold mineralization mainly occurred in the second stage and is closely associated with intensive adularia-quartz-pyrite-calcite alteration [10,16] . Gold is commonly present as inclusions in metal sulphides, such as pyrite mineral.…”

Section: Geology and Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single grain Rb-Sr dating of euhedral and cataclastic pyrite from the Qiyugou gold deposit in western Henan, central China

Han

Zhang

et al. 2007

CHINESE SCI BULL

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“…They also demonstrated a secular change in the lithospheric mantle from a Palaeozoic refractory continental lithosphere to a Mesozoic enriched lithosphere. Although extending for thousands of kilometres along the Pacific rim, Mesozoic granitoids and gold deposits (Goldfarb et al 2001;Hart et al 2002;Mao et al 2002;Wu et al 2005) that are contemporaneous with the lithospheric thinning form a ring (Fig. 15) around the Eastern Block (Yang, J. H. et al 2003).…”

Section: Explanationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen

2007

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“…Orogenic gold deposits are extremely important gold exploration targets in China which comprise nearly 50% of the gold resources [8][9][10]. Most of the gold deposits in China concentrate in the North China Craton (NCC), and many of them have geological and geochemical signatures which suggest an orogenic gold mineralization style (e.g., [2,5,8,[11][12][13][14]). Previous studies on the gold deposits of NCC were mainly focused along the margin of the craton, such as the Jiaodong and Liaodong gold provinces (eastern margin), the Xiaoqinling gold province (southern margin), and the JibeiJidong and Chifeng-Chaoyang gold provinces (northern margin) (Figures 1(a) and 1(b)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Evolution of the Ore-Forming Fluids in the Liyuan Gold Deposit, Central North China Craton: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-C Isotopic Compositions

Xiong

et al. 2017

Geofluids

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The Liyuan gold deposit is hosted within Archean basement metamorphic rocks and controlled by the NNE-trending faults in the central North China Craton. The ore-forming processes can be divided into three stages (early, middle, and late). Three types of primary fluid inclusions (FIs) are identified in the Liyuan, including pure carbonic, carbonic-aqueous, and aqueous inclusions. The primary FIs of three stages are mainly homogenized at temperatures of 318-408 ∘ C, 201-329 ∘ C, and 136-229 ∘ C, with salinities of 2.1-8.9, 0.5-12.4, and 0.4-6.3 wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively. The main Au mineralization is related to the middle stage, and water-rock interaction caused rapid precipitation of gold in this stage. The initial ore-forming fluids were likely magmatic water or metamorphic fluid and mixed with meteoric water at later stages. Due to the lack of granite body at the present mining levels, we speculate that it was magmatic water that might have been exsolved from a concealed granite body at greater depth or it was metamorphic fluid that was directly transported from depth via deep faults. Based on all the available geological and geochemical evidence, we suggest that the Liyuan deposit belongs to orogenic gold deposit that located in the interior North China Craton.

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Gold deposits in the Xiaoqinling-Xiong'ershan region, Qinling Mountains, central China

Cited by 223 publications

References 22 publications

Single grain Rb-Sr dating of euhedral and cataclastic pyrite from the Qiyugou gold deposit in western Henan, central China

Single grain Rb-Sr dating of euhedral and cataclastic pyrite from the Qiyugou gold deposit in western Henan, central China

Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen

Origin and Evolution of the Ore-Forming Fluids in the Liyuan Gold Deposit, Central North China Craton: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-C Isotopic Compositions

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