Gold content of water, plants, and animals

Jones, Robert Sprague

doi:10.3133/cir625

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The summary by Jones (1970) of available data on the occurrence of gold in water, plants, and animals further substantiates the evidence that gold is mobilized in the weathering environment.…”

Section: Introduction Scope Of Reportsupporting

confidence: 63%

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Geochemistry of gold in the weathering cycle

Lakin¹,

Curtin²,

Hubert³

1974

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Section: Introduction Scope Of Reportsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The literature on gold in plants has been comprehensively reviewed by Jones (1970). How gold is transported from the soil into the plant has been the subject of much speculation.…”

Section: Absorption Of Gold By Plants As a Function Of Complex Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of gold in the weathering cycle

Lakin¹,

Curtin²,

Hubert³

1974

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“…Current consensus assumes that the mobilization and transport of gold in aqueous systems occurs via (in)organic gold complexes and/or nanoparticles, whose formation is mediated by a number of biogenic and abiogenic processes, in particular affecting the formation of metastable ligands such as cyanide and thiosulfate . Direct evidence for the formation of these complexes is absent as the low levels of gold found in natural waters (≤1 μg L –1 for groundwaters − ) have made direct speciation analysis impossible to date. Existing predictions are based on extrapolations of experimental data generated at elevated concentrations (typically mg L –1 ), thermodynamic calculations, and environmental abundances of suitable ligands. − In general, these predictions agree that (i) in environments containing little organic carbon the dominant gold complex is [Au(I)OH.H 2 O] 0 ; (ii) Au(I)– and potentially Au(III)–chloride (and their corresponding mixed chloride-hydroxide complexes) occur in highly acidic oxidizing waters containing high concentrations of chloride; (iii) Au(I)–thiosulfate complexes are formed in the presence of gold-bearing sulfide minerals; and (iv) Au(I)–cyanide exists in areas with trace amounts of cyanide from mine processing, or cyanide-releasing plants and microorganisms. , However, without directly measured environmental data our understanding of gold speciation in natural waters remains highly speculative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Gold(I/III)-Complexes by HPLC-ICP-MS Demonstrates Gold(III) Stability in Surface Waters

Reith

Brugger

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Understanding the form in which gold is transported in surface- and groundwaters underpins our understanding of gold dispersion and (bio)geochemical cycling. Yet, to date, there are no direct techniques capable of identifying the oxidation state and complexation of gold in natural waters. We present a reversed phase ion-pairing HPLC-ICP-MS method for the separation and determination of aqueous gold(III)-chloro-hydroxyl, gold(III)-bromo-hydroxyl, gold(I)-thiosulfate, and gold(I)-cyanide complexes. Detection limits for the gold species range from 0.05 to 0.30 μg L(-1). The [Au(CN)2](-) gold cyanide complex was detected in five of six waters from tailings and adjacent monitoring bores of working gold mines. Contrary to thermodynamic predictions, evidence was obtained for the existence of Au(III)-complexes in circumneutral, hypersaline waters of a natural lake overlying a gold deposit in Western Australia. This first direct evidence for the existence and stability of Au(III)-complexes in natural surface waters suggests that Au(III)-complexes may be important for the transport and biogeochemical cycling of gold in surface environments. Overall, these results show that near-μg L(-1) enrichments of Au in environmental waters result from metastable ligands (e.g., CN(-)) as well as kinetically controlled redox processes leading to the stability of highly soluble Au(III)-complexes.

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“…A summary report by Jones (1970) gives a range of gold concentrations in natural waters of 0.001-44 ppb for sea water, 0.003-4.7 ppb for river water, and 0.001-2.2 ppb for spring/ground water. These data were gathered from 1927 to 1969.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of gold in natural waters

McHugh

1988

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the amount of gold present in natural waters. One hundred and thirty-two natural water samples were collected from various sources and analyzed for gold by the latest techniques. Background values for gold in natural waters range from < 0.001 to 0.005 ppb, and anomalous values range from 0.010 to 2.8 ppb. Waters collected from mineralized areas have a mean gold value of 0.101 ppb, whereas waters collected from unmineralized areas have a mean of 0.002 ppb. Some of the high gold values reported in the earlier literature were probably due to interferences by high salt content in the sample and/or lack of proper filter procedures.

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Gold content of water, plants, and animals

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Geochemistry of gold in the weathering cycle

Geochemistry of gold in the weathering cycle

Analysis of Gold(I/III)-Complexes by HPLC-ICP-MS Demonstrates Gold(III) Stability in Surface Waters

Concentration of gold in natural waters

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