Goiter and hypothyroidism among elementary school children in lowland agricultural area, Brebes District Indonesia

Kartini, Apoina; Suhartono, Suhartono; Pangestuti, Dina Rahayuning; Adi, Mateus Sakundarno; Suratman, Suratman; Rasipin,

doi:10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00980.4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, there was variation within and between regions, with both the lowest (0.0% in Indonesia) (53) and the highest (88.1% in Papua New Guinea) (54) prevalence of iodine deficiency documented in EAP region. Data from studies in ECA, SA and WCA suggested a greater likelihood of iodine deficiency in girls and at older ages.…”

Section: Iodine and Goitrementioning

confidence: 97%

“…For example, nationally representative longitudinal data from Sri Lanka showed a reduction in the prevalence of iodine deficiency (2•7 % to 1•6 %) and goitre (18•0 % to 1•9 %) between 2000 and 2016 (52) . However, there was variation within and between regions, with both the lowest (0•0 % in Indonesia) (53) and the highest (88•1 % in Papua New Guinea) (54) prevalence of iodine deficiency documented in EAP region. Data from studies in ECA, SA and WCA suggested a greater likelihood of iodine deficiency in girls and at older ages.…”

Section: Iodine and Goitrementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional status of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries across seven global regions: a synthesis of scoping reviews

Wrottesley¹,

Mates²,

Brennan³

et al. 2022

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To summarise available evidence on the nutritional status of school-age children and adolescents (5–19 years) from seven global regions, and on interventions implemented to improve malnutrition in this population. Design: Findings were compiled from seven scoping literature reviews, including data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) within the following UNICEF-defined global regions: East Asia and Pacific (EAP); Europe and Central Asia (ECA); South Asia (SA); West and Central Africa (WCA); Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA); Middle East and North Africa (MENA); and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Results: A double burden of malnutrition was evident across the world regions reviewed: stunting, thinness, anaemia and other micronutrient deficiencies persisted, alongside rising overweight and obesity prevalence. Transitions towards diets increasingly high in energy-dense, processed and micronutrient-poor foods were observed. Evidence from intervention studies was limited, but suggested that providing multiple micronutrient-fortified foods or beverages at school may effectively target micronutrient deficiencies and facilitate weight gain in undernourished populations. Interventions to prevent or manage overweight and obesity were even more limited. There was minimal evidence of using novel technological approaches to engage school-age children and adolescents, or of involving them in designing interventions. Conclusion: The limited data available on nutrition of school-age children and adolescents is neither standardised nor comparable. Consensus on methods for assessing nutritional status and its determinants for this age group is urgently needed to set targets and monitor progress. Additionally, strategies are required to ensure that nutritious, safe and sustainable diets are available, affordable and appealing.

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Section: Iodine and Goitrementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Iodine and Goitrementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries across seven global regions: a synthesis of scoping reviews

Wrottesley¹,

Mates²,

Brennan³

et al. 2022

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…21 Involvement of pregnant women in agricultural activities puts them at risk of exposure to pesticides, for example, when farmers spray plants with pesticides in the fields while pregnant women are looking for pests or pulling grass from plants in the same area. Our previous study conducted in the same location, shows that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for developing goiter, 22 hypothyroidism, 23 and stunting in children 24 . The pesticides used in the study region were classified as EDCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Relationship between Pesticide Exposure and Umbilical Serum IGF-1 Levels and Low-birth Weight: A Case-control Study in Brebes, Indonesia

Widyawati

Suhartono

Mexitalia

et al. 2020

Int J Occup Environ Med

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Background: Birth weight is very important for long-term physical, mental, health, and brain development. Pesticide exposure is thought to interfere with fetal growth, among others, through disruption of the function of the insulin-like growth hormone-1 (IGF-1) hormone. Objective: To analyze the relationship between exposure to pesticides during pregnancy and low-birth weight (LBW) through the disruption of the IGF-1 hormone. Methods: In a case-control study, babies born with LBW (birth weight <2500 g) and those born later with normal birth weight (≥2500 g) at 2 hospitals in Brebes were chosen as cases and controls, respectively. Maternal pesticide exposure was measured by interview using a questionnaire. Umbilical serum IGF-I level was tested using the ELISA method. Results: There was a significant relationship between pesticide exposure during pregnancy and LBW (OR 6.8; 95% CI 2.0 to 22.9) and low umbilical serum IGF-1 levels (OR 3.6; 95% CI 1.2 to 11.1). There was a significant relationship between low umbilical serum IGF-1 levels and LBW (OR 8.9; 95% CI 2.4 to 32.1). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between pesticide exposure during pregnancy and LBW through the umbilical serum IGF-1 reduction pathway.

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“…12 Meanwhile, another study also proved that children whose fathers work as farmers are at higher risk of suffering from goiter compared with those who are not farmers. 19 Pesticide is one of the chemicals classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs); 20 human exposure to these chemicals can interfere in the function of hormones, such as thyroid hormones, insulin, and IGF-1, which are very important in the growth process. 15,21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Exposure and Stunting among Children in Agricultural Areas

Kartini

Subagio

Hadisaputro

et al. 2019

Int J Occup Environ Med

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Background: The prevalence of growth disorders among school-aged children in Indonesia is high (30.7%). Pesticides have been massively used in Indonesian agricultural areas. Objective: To determine if exposure to pesticides is associated with stunting among children in agricultural areas. Methods: This case-control study included 160 children (48 cases and 112 controls) aged 8–12 years. Exposure to pesticides was measured based on the history of the exposure since perinatal period, infancy, and childhood of the participants. Stunting was determined as a height for age z-score (HAZ) < -2 SD. Other variables measured were levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hemoglobin, zinc, albumin, nutrient adequacy level (energy and protein), and history of infection, low-birth weight (LBW), and mother's height. Results: There were no significant difference between the cases and controls in terms of in the baseline characteristics, except for the median IGF-1 level; it was significantly (p<0.001) lower in the cases (66.73 ng/mL) than the controls (112.57 ng/mL). High level of pesticide exposure (p=0.029) and low IGF-1 levels (p<0.001) were significantly associated with stunting. After adjusting for confounding variables, these variables were found to be independent risk factors for stunting in children (aOR 3.90, 95% CI 1.15 to 13.26; and aOR 8.35, 95% CI 3.65 to 19.14, respectively). Conclusion: Pesticide exposure could be a risk factor for the occurrence of growth disorders in children living in agricultural areas. Necessary actions should be taken to protect children living in agricultural areas from exposure to pesticides.

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Goiter and hypothyroidism among elementary school children in lowland agricultural area, Brebes District Indonesia

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Nutritional status of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries across seven global regions: a synthesis of scoping reviews

Nutritional status of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries across seven global regions: a synthesis of scoping reviews

The Relationship between Pesticide Exposure and Umbilical Serum IGF-1 Levels and Low-birth Weight: A Case-control Study in Brebes, Indonesia

Pesticide Exposure and Stunting among Children in Agricultural Areas

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