Going, Going, Gone: A 15-Year History of the Decline of Primates in Forest Fragments near Kibale National Park, Uganda

Chapman, Colin A.; Ghai, Ria R.; Jacob, Aerin L.; Koojo, Sam Mugume; Reyna-Hurtado, Rafael; Rothman, Jessica M.; Twinomugisha, Dennis; Wasserman, Michael D.; Goldberg, Tony L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8839-2_7

Cited by 87 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…By 2003, perhaps as a result of exclusion from woody resources in the park, these larger forest fragments were fragmented into more, but smaller fragments. This finding is similar to that seen across the landscape surrounding Kibale where many of the fragments have been completed converted to farmland over time (Chapman et al 2013), but the effect appears to be particularly pronounced in the LHZ, suggesting a strong effect of household influence on forest fragmentation dynamics. We see a reflection of this process, although less dramatically, with the isolation measure (nearest-neighbor distance e Fig.…”

Section: Landscape Fragmentationsupporting

confidence: 79%

Household level influences on fragmentation in an African park landscape

et al. 2015

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Section: Landscape Fragmentationsupporting

confidence: 79%

Household level influences on fragmentation in an African park landscape

et al. 2015

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“…The role of hornbills, especially B. albotibialis, as seed dispersers is believed to be increasing compared to that of large frugivorous mammals whose populations are rapidly declining (Whitney et al 1998, Holbrook & Smith 2000, Chasar et al 2014. Primates and elephants are indeed particularly sensitive to forest fragmentation (Blake et al 2008, Chapman et al 2013) and are primarily targeted by bushmeat hunters (Fa et al 2002). The ecological services provided by these animals might thus become increasingly impoverished in anthropogenic ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest cover, hunting pressure, and fruit availability influence seed dispersal in a forest‐savanna mosaic in the Congo Basin

et al. 2017

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Forest fragmentation, reduced forest cover, and hunting pressure are the main threats affecting animal‐mediated seed dispersal. However, their combined effects on seed dispersal rates have been simultaneously investigated only rarely, and never in Africa. We aimed to disentangle the effects of forest cover, hunting pressure, frugivore abundance, and fruit availability at the local and landscape scales on the seed dispersal rates of Staudtia kamerunensis (Myristicaceae). To estimate the percentages of seed dispersal failure (undispersed seeds), we quantitated fruit remains below fruiting trees distributed across five contrasting sites in a semi‐natural forest‐savanna mosaic in the Democratic Republic of Congo. We used statistical analyses accounting for spatial autocorrelation and found that forest cover in the surrounding landscape, hunting level, the associated abundance of dispersers, and fruit availability all had significant effects on the percentage of seed dispersal failure. The combination of high fruit availability and reduced abundance of seed dispersers could accelerate seed disperser satiation, causing the seed dispersal system to be saturated. Our study highlights how two major factors associated with anthropogenic activities, forest cover and hunting, affect seed dispersal by animals. These findings could have far‐reaching implications for our understanding of tree‐frugivore interactions and the conservation of tropical communities.

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“…Indistinct boundary zones extend beyond the forest fragment itself (Didham 2010), and ''edge effects'' penetrate far into fragment interiors (Murcia 1995). For animals, life in fragmented habitats is associated with increased stress, immunocompromise, and exposure to infectious agents of people and domestic livestock (Salzer et al 2007;Goldberg et al 2008;Johnston et al 2010;Chapman et al 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Overlap Between People and Non-human Primates in a Fragmented Landscape

et al. 2016

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In western Uganda, the landscape surrounding Kibale National Park (KNP) contains households, trading centers, roads, fields, and forest fragments. The mosaic arrangement of these landscape features is thought to enhance human-primate interaction, leading to primate population declines and increased bi-directional disease transmission. Using a social-ecological systems research framework that captures the complexity of interaction among people, wildlife, and environment, we studied five forest fragments near KNP and conducted intensive on-the-ground mapping to identify locations of human-primate spatial overlap. Primate locations and human activities were distributed within, on the edges, and far beyond fragment borders. Analysis of shared spaces indicated that 5.5% of human space overlapped with primate spaces, while 69.5% of primate spaces overlapped with human spaces. Nearest neighbor analysis indicated that human activities were significantly spatially clustered within and around individual fragments, as were primate locations. Getis-Ord statistics revealed statistically significant "hotspots" of human activity and primate activity, but only one location where spatial overlap between humans and primates was statistically significant. Human activities associated with collecting fuelwood and other forest products were the primary drivers of human-primate overlap; however, primates also spent time outside of forest fragments in agricultural spaces. These results demonstrate that fragmented landscapes are not uniform with respect to human-primate overlap, and that the implications of human-primate interaction, such as primate population declines and possible cross-species disease transmission, are spatially aggregated.

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Going, Going, Gone: A 15-Year History of the Decline of Primates in Forest Fragments near Kibale National Park, Uganda

Cited by 87 publications

References 33 publications

Household level influences on fragmentation in an African park landscape

Household level influences on fragmentation in an African park landscape

Forest cover, hunting pressure, and fruit availability influence seed dispersal in a forest‐savanna mosaic in the Congo Basin

Spatial Overlap Between People and Non-human Primates in a Fragmented Landscape

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