Goat milk with and without increased concentrations of lysozyme improves repair of intestinal cell damage induced by enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Carvalho, Eunice B.; Maga, Elizabeth A.; Quetz, Josiane da Silva; Lima, Ila Fernanda Nunes; Magalhães, Hemerson Yuri Ferreira; Rodrigues, Felipe Augusto Rocha; Silva, Antônio V A; Prata, Mara M. G.; Cavalcante, Paloma A.; Havt, Alexandre; Bertolini, Marcelo; Bertolini, Luciana Relly; Lima, Aldo Ângelo Moreira

doi:10.1186/1471-230x-12-106

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although some studies reported a decrease in migration of stomach cells infected with EPEC ( 20 , 21 ), mechanisms were not investigated. Our group described that infection by enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) decreased the number of migrating intestinal cells ( 22 ), whereas, in the present results, we determined that EPEC strains significantly reduced the number of migrating cells and that bacterial strains differentially inhibited migration. The most considerable reduction in cell migration was due to infection with EPEC strain E2348/69, compared to EPEC LDI001 and E. coli HS strains.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Intestinal cell migration damage induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

Cavalcante

Prata

Silva

et al. 2018

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Epithelial cell migration is an essential response to enteric pathogens such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of EPEC infection on intestinal epithelial cell migration in vitro, as well as the involvement of type III secretion system (T3SS) and Rho GTPases. Crypt intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) were infected with EPEC strains (E2348/69, ΔescF, and the LDI001 strain isolated from a malnourished Brazilian child) and commensal E. coli HS. Wound migration and cell death assays were performed at different time-points. Transcription and expression of Rho GTPases were evaluated using real-time PCR and western blotting. Overall, EPEC E2348/69 reduced migration and increased apoptosis and necrosis levels compared to EPEC LDI001 and E. coli HS strains. Moreover, EPEC LDI001 impaired cell migration at a higher level than E. coli HS and increased necrosis after 24 hours compared to the control group. The different profiles of virulence genes between the two wild-type EPEC strains, characterized by the absence of espL and nleE genes in the LDI001, might explain the phenotypic results, playing significant roles on cell migration impairment and cell death-related events. Moreover, the type III secretion system is determinant for the inhibition of intestinal epithelial cell migration by EPEC 2348/69, as its deletion prevented the effect. Active Rac1 concentrations were increased in E2348/69 and LDI001-infected cells, while the T3SS-deficient strain did not demonstrate this activation. This study contributes with valuable insight to characterize the mechanisms involved in the impairment of intestinal cell migration induced by EPEC.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Intestinal cell migration damage induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

Cavalcante

Prata

Silva

et al. 2018

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…In an in vitro model, intestinal epithelial cell migration was significantly decreased in the presence of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) alone but was restored in the presence of milk (Carvalho et al 2012). Milk from hLZ transgenic goats improved migration significantly more than control milk.…”

Section: Effects Of Lysozyme Milkmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both milks significantly reduced EAEC adhesion to Caco-2 cells and transgenic milk resulted in less colonization than control milk using a HEp-2 cell line assay. While normal goat milk is able to repair intestinal barrier function damage induced by EAEC the hLZ transgenic goat milk provides further protection (Carvalho et al 2012). In an in vivo model of diarrhea using young pigs infected with enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), pigs consuming hLZ-milk recovered from clinical signs of infection faster than pigs consuming control milk, with significantly improved fecal consistency and activity level (Cooper et al 2013).…”

Section: Effects Of Lysozyme Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of human lactoferrin and lysozyme in the milk of transgenic dairy animals: past, present, and future

2015

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Genetic engineering, which was first developed in the 1980s, allows for specific additions to animals' genomes that are not possible through conventional breeding. Using genetic engineering to improve agricultural animals was first suggested when the technology was in the early stages of development by Palmiter et al. (Nature 300:611-615, 1982). One of the first agricultural applications identified was generating transgenic dairy animals that could produce altered or novel proteins in their milk. Human milk contains high levels of antimicrobial proteins that are found in low concentrations in the milk of ruminants, including the antimicrobial proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme. Lactoferrin and lysozyme are both part of the innate immune system and are secreted in tears, mucus, and throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Due to their antimicrobial properties and abundance in human milk, multiple lines of transgenic dairy animals that produce either human lactoferrin or human lysozyme have been developed. The focus of this review is to catalogue the different lines of genetically engineered dairy animals that produce either recombinant lactoferrin or lysozyme that have been generated over the years as well as compare the wealth of research that has been done on the in vitro and in vivo effects of the milk they produce. While recent advances including the development of CRISPRs and TALENs have removed many of the technical barriers to predictable and efficient genetic engineering in agricultural species, there are still many political and regulatory hurdles before genetic engineering can be used in agriculture. It is important to consider the substantial amount of work that has been done thus far on well established lines of genetically engineered animals evaluating both the animals themselves and the products they yield to identify the most effective path forward for future research and acceptance of this technology.

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“…The minor constituents of goat milk, namely lysozyme and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), seem to offer additional protection against intestinal cell damage/inflammation [147]. Several authors have shown that oral administration of TGF-β has anti-inflammatory effects at the intestinal level in animal models of colitis [148].…”

Section: Immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and Health Profile of Goat Products: Focus on Health Benefits of Goat Milk

Lima¹,

Teixeira-Lemos²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2018

Goat Science

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Goat (Capra hircus) is one of the main sources of milk and meat products for human consumption. Goat milk differs from cow and human milk in both composition and nutritional properties. Goat milk and other goat-derived products contain several bioactive compounds that might be useful in patients suffering from a variety of chronic diseases. Several peptides, fats, and oligosaccharides present in goat's milk can be potentially useful in cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, neurological degeneration, or in promoting intestinal health. They have also shown chemopreventive properties in cancer. In addition, the oligosaccharides present in goat's milk have immunomodulatory properties, prevent adhesion of pathogenic bacteria, and have prebiotic, probifidogenic effects. Due to its potential health benefits, goat milk is particularly recommended for infants, older adults, and convalescing people. This chapter gives an overview of the biological activities of goat products and the effects of peptides, fats, and oligosaccharides present in goat milk on pathogenic bacteria, as well as their ability to regulate immunological, gastrointestinal, hormonal, and neurological responses in humans.

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Goat milk with and without increased concentrations of lysozyme improves repair of intestinal cell damage induced by enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Intestinal cell migration damage induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

Intestinal cell migration damage induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

Production of human lactoferrin and lysozyme in the milk of transgenic dairy animals: past, present, and future

Nutritional and Health Profile of Goat Products: Focus on Health Benefits of Goat Milk

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