GNSS Navigation Threats Management on-Board of Aircraft

Abstract

This paper proposes low-complexity measures to be deployed on most aircraft to enable the management of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) interference, and in particularly of jamming and spoofing threats, in order to reach the Flightpath2050 safety and security targets. It is known that, if there is a jamming interference and GNSS navigation is lost, a disruption will be caused, requiring the likely intervention of Air Traffic Control. Also, the presence of a spoofing signal is a serious security threat with a potentially catastrophic impact on the safety of the aircraft and on any other ground infrastructure. Through our jamming and spoofing detection and localization stages, based on minimal additional infrastructure, we will reduce the time required to detect and localize an interfering source and, therefore, the time required to mitigate it and restore the nominal traffic operations. Our solutions will also improve the safety of the Air Traffic Management system. Moreover, the deployment of our solution, with its capability of localizing an interfering device, could be a deterrent to any agent interested in intentionally generating a jamming or spoofing signal, and so will reduce the likelihood of this type of interference events.

Collaborative Solutions for Interference Management in GNSS-Based Aircraft Navigation

“…It shows the jamming detection results for test scenario OF-JAM.Z2D-Test 11, described in Section 5 using all the detectors described in Section 3 . All the considered detectors with the current recorded tests show that they work perfectly well under realistic scenarios and they confirm the previous findings of the authors based on simulations and lab-tests as reported in [ 1 , 19 , 37 ]. In particular, the estimated Probability of Detection ( ) is 100%, and the Probability of False Alarm ( ) is 0.…”

“…The mentioned methods have been applied both in the lab on synthetic signals, as presented in [ 19 ], and on live signals recorded during the open-field test campaign described hereafter. The results of the latter test campaign are reported in Section 6.1 of this paper.…”

“…The objective of this paper is to present the results of an on-field test campaign of a novel, effective, and affordable concept of GNSS interference management for civil aviation, developed under a SESAR ER initiative [ 19 ]. This new interference management concept relies on known techniques of detection and localization of jamming and spoofing, which have been adapted to the restrictions imposed by the target environment, i.e., using a minimum number of omnidirectional antennas on the fuselage, with the minimum impact on the current on-board equipment.…”

“…With respect to [ 19 ], where this interference management concept was introduced for the first time with the support of preliminary in-lab simulation results, this paper completes and formalizes the description of the detection and direction finding methods for both the jamming and the spoofing interferences. Then, the proposed methods have been tested with an on-field test campaign: the analysis of the obtained results allows for validating the new interference management concept for the civil aviation while assessing the obtained level of performance.…”

Study and Analysis of Interference Signals of the LTE System of the GNSS Receiver

“…Commonly used processing methods in the time domain include enhanced correlator techniques represented by the narrow correlator technique [ 16 , 17 ] and parameter estimation methods represented by the MEDLL technique (Multipath Estimate Delay Lock Loop) [ 18 , 19 ]. The process of spatial signal processing is mainly based on the fact that the LOS (line of sight) signal and multipath noise reach the receiver from different spatial directions; therefore, multipath interference suppression can be achieved using adaptive signal processing with multiple antennas [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”