Abstract:For millennia, humans have been using the gnomon whose shadow passes the trajectory of the light source (sun or moon) as a measurement tool. With the gnomon authors prove that the ancient stone labyrinths in Northern Europe are solar calendars, sundials and compasses. Studies of cultural heritage around the world show that the majority of them might serve as orientation in space-time. According to the authors, the collection of ancient navigational facilities can be considered as ancient astronomical and geode… Show more
“…ʺlabyrinth-11ʺ in the polar latitudes, does not have an arc for midday shade fixing in the winter solstice, as this shadow is much larger than the size of the labyrinth; 3. at latitude 50-60 ° shadows of all months of the year are placed in a circle of a relatively small diameter, a 7-arc ʺclassicʺ labyrinth is a convenient here; 4. at latitudes 40-30 ° radius of the outer circle is two times larger than the height of the gnomon -a type of "staff" (≈ 2 m); 5. Tropical calendar sizes shadows are placed on the gnomon -a type of ʺrodʺ, ʺscepterʺ (e.g., hex rod of dervishes) (Paranina, 2010(Paranina, . 2016.…”
Section: Structure Of Solar Calendars: Regional Featuresmentioning
“…ʺlabyrinth-11ʺ in the polar latitudes, does not have an arc for midday shade fixing in the winter solstice, as this shadow is much larger than the size of the labyrinth; 3. at latitude 50-60 ° shadows of all months of the year are placed in a circle of a relatively small diameter, a 7-arc ʺclassicʺ labyrinth is a convenient here; 4. at latitudes 40-30 ° radius of the outer circle is two times larger than the height of the gnomon -a type of "staff" (≈ 2 m); 5. Tropical calendar sizes shadows are placed on the gnomon -a type of ʺrodʺ, ʺscepterʺ (e.g., hex rod of dervishes) (Paranina, 2010(Paranina, . 2016.…”
Section: Structure Of Solar Calendars: Regional Featuresmentioning
“…Application of methods of cultural geography and paleogeography, paleoastronomy and astroarcheology allows us to prove that these objects were created as orientation tools in space-time and provides the opportunity to "be at the right time in the right place," i.e. performed the informational function in lifesupport system [1]- [7].…”
ABSTRACT:The article shows the objective criteria of sacralization of objects of natural and cultural heritage of Eastern Europe and Southern Siberia, based on the performance of informational function in ancient human life-support system (as instruments of navigation in space-time). Transformation of functions of sacral objects from their inception to the beginning of the third millennium, due to the development of geo-cultural space (changes in technology, socio-cultural paradigm and social and economic conditions). The stages of the evolution of navigation technologies, selected by the author on the basis of cultural layering of archaeological objects are reviewed in the article. The carried-out retrospective analysis allows to make the assumption that improvement of technologies of orientation could be a basis of emergence and development of Homo sapiens (sapientation): astronomical supervision in horizon observatory develops a system of ecological thinking; supervision over a shadow of the gnomon tool develops abstract thinking (the abstract graphic sign is genetically connected with concrete natural process)
“…The results of the research have been summarized by the authors in the navigation concept of information modeling of the world [5,6,7]. The concept served as the basis for further research and theoretical constructions.…”
The article proposes a new approach to these problems, developed on the basis of the navigation concept of the information modeling of the world. From the position of the navigation concept, the development of the geographical space-time played a leading role in the processes of human biological and supra-biological adaptation. Such an approach takes into account the fundamental role of the planetarycosmic factors in shaping the structure of the geocultural space of the Earth and is consistent with the main provisions of the modern scientific picture of the world. On the basis of field and laboratory research, the instrumental possibilities of stone labyrinths and other prehistoric cultural heritage sites are determined. According to the results of the analysis of the structure of uneven-age objects, the reconstruction stages of the development of prehistoric astronomical orientation technologies are proposed. Comparison of classical signs and symbols with sun shadow charts allowed to substantiate the astronomical nature of the sign. The analysis of ethnographic materials has provided the preservation of archaic navigation technologies in everyday life practice, ornaments, mythological scenes, and sacral traditions. On the basis of generalization of materials, new models of cultural genesis and anthropogenesis, based on solar navigation, have been developed. The results of the study show that the invariant structures of genetic and social memory are associated with the order of geographical space-time, which is determined by the shape, daily and annual movements of the planet Earth.
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