“…The ever-accumulating research knowledge on immunity to fungal infections is remarkable ( 3 ). Although few fungal species are pathogenic, the protective immune elements or their products are diverse and often complementary, mediated by CD4 + T, CD8 + T, and B cells ( 4 , 5 ). Immunity to histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, paracoccidioidosis, and aspergillosis is primarily by type I (IFNγ, GM-CSF, TNF) T cell responses.…”