Glypican‐4 is a new comer of adipokines working as insulin sensitizer

Tamori, Yoshikazu; Kasuga, Masato

doi:10.1111/jdi.12071

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These all represent insulin secretion, which is an indirect index of insulin resistance. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipase D (GPLD1) has been suggested as a regulator for the release of Gpc4 from the cell surface to the circulation . Insulin, in turn, regulates the GPLD1 activity .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum glypican 4 level in obese children and its relation to degree of obesity

Leelalertlauw

Korwutthikulrangsri

Mahachoklertwattana

et al. 2017

Clinical Endocrinology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glypican 4 (Gpc4), a family of heparan sulphate proteoglycan, is a novel adipokine released from adipose tissue . Gpc4 has been demonstrated to have differential expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of mice and humans .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum glypican 4 level in obese children and its relation to degree of obesity

Leelalertlauw

Korwutthikulrangsri

Mahachoklertwattana

et al. 2017

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…Other GPC3‐associated diseases include melanoma, ovarian cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, liposarcoma, and embryonal tumors such as neuroblastoma, and Wilm's tumor . GPC4 is associated with body fat distribution, insulin signaling, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease . GPC5 acts as an oncogene in rhabdomyosarcoma and a tumor suppressor in non‐small cell lung cancer .…”

Section: Structure and Expression Of Glypicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24][25][26] GPC4 is associated with body fat distribution, insulin signaling, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. [27][28][29] GPC5 acts as an oncogene in rhabdomyosarcoma 30,31 and a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer. 32,33 GPC6 is reported to be correlated with gastric adenocarcinoma, although this association remains to be validated.…”

Section: Structure and Expression Of Glypicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glypican‐3: A promising biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment

Zhou

Shang

et al. 2017

Medicinal Research Reviews

259

192

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Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type. Therefore, molecular targets are urgently required for the early detection of HCC and the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Glypican-3 (GPC3), an oncofetal proteoglycan anchored to the cell membrane, is normally detected in the fetal liver but not in the healthy adult liver. However, in HCC patients, GPC3 is overexpressed at both the gene and protein levels, and its expression predicts a poor prognosis. Mechanistic studies have revealed that GPC3 functions in HCC progression by binding to molecules such as Wnt signaling proteins and growth factors. Moreover, GPC3 has been used as a target for molecular imaging and therapeutic intervention in HCC. To date, GPC3-targeted magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and near-infrared imaging have been investigated for early HCC detection, and various immunotherapeutic protocols targeting GPC3 have been developed, including the use of humanized anti-GPC3 cytotoxic antibodies, treatment with peptide/DNA vaccines, immunotoxin therapies, and genetic therapies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the structure, function, and biology of GPC3 with a focus on its clinical potential as a diagnostic molecule and a therapeutic target in HCC immunotherapy.

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“…Adipose tissue plays a key role in the metabolism of glucose and lipid by secreting adipokines [7]. Adipokines have been known as important factors linking obesity and insulin resistance [8]. In recent years, many researchers have devoted themselves to studying the relationships between adipokines and insulin resistance, and have made great progress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum glypican4 and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D levels are associated with adipose tissue insulin resistance in obese subjects with different glucose metabolism status

Zhang

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2020

J Endocrinol Invest

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Objectives Glypican4 (GPC4) is a novel adipokine associated with obesity and insulin resistance. GPC4 was cleaved by the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D (GPLD1) in an anchored site of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol, and then was released into the extracellular environment. Herein, we investigated the changes of serum GPC4 and GPLD1 levels in obese subjects with different glucose metabolism status and their relationship with adipose tissue insulin resistance index (Adipo-IR) in Chinese north populations. Methods A total of 221 obese subjects and 37 normal controls (NC) were recruited in this study. Obese subjects were divided into normal insulin (NI) group, hyperinsulinemia (HI) group, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) group. Serum GPC4, GPLD1, and adiponectin were determined by commercially available ELISA kits. Results Serum GPC4 levels in the HI, IGT, and DM groups were significantly higher than those in the NC and NI groups (2.27 ± 0.58 ng/mL, 2.21 ± 0.60 ng/mL, 2.49 ± 0.67 ng/mL vs. 1.70 ± 0.33 ng/mL, 1.93 ± 0.34 ng/mL, P < 0.05). GPC4 was positively correlated with GPLD1, which was the most important influencing factor of GPC4. Adipo-IR was independently and positively associated with serum GPC4 and GPLD1. For GPC4, after adjustment for confounders, the risk of adipose tissue insulin resistance in subjects with the highest tertile was 2.974-fold that of those with the lowest tertile (OR = 2.974, P = 0.013). For GPLD1, before adjustment for lipids, the increased probability still existed (Model 2, OR = 3.568, P = 0.003). Conclusion GPC4 is an adipokine associated with adipose tissue insulin resistance, and its activity may be regulated by GPLD1. GPC4 may be a marker for adipose tissue insulin resistance in Chinese north obese populations.

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Glypican‐4 is a new comer of adipokines working as insulin sensitizer

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Serum glypican 4 level in obese children and its relation to degree of obesity

Serum glypican 4 level in obese children and its relation to degree of obesity

Glypican‐3: A promising biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment

Serum glypican4 and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D levels are associated with adipose tissue insulin resistance in obese subjects with different glucose metabolism status

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