Glyphosate in northern ecosystems

Helander, Marjo; Saloniemi, Irma; Saikkonen, Kari

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2012.05.008

Cited by 185 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In addition, glyphosate resistance by various mechanisms has evolved in natural weed populations due to the extensive use of the herbicide for crop protection (reviewed in reference 17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Glyphosate as Phosphate Source: Biochemistry and Genetics of Bacterial Carbon-Phosphorus Lyase

Hove‐Jensen

Zechel

Jochimsen

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

179

157

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SUMMARY After several decades of use of glyphosate, the active ingredient in weed killers such as Roundup, in fields, forests, and gardens, the biochemical pathway of transformation of glyphosate phosphorus to a useful phosphorus source for microorganisms has been disclosed. Glyphosate is a member of a large group of chemicals, phosphonic acids or phosphonates, which are characterized by a carbon-phosphorus bond. This is in contrast to the general phosphorus compounds utilized and metabolized by microorganisms. Here phosphorus is found as phosphoric acid or phosphate ion, phosphoric acid esters, or phosphoric acid anhydrides. The latter compounds contain phosphorus that is bound only to oxygen. Hydrolytic, oxidative, and radical-based mechanisms for carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage have been described. This review deals with the radical-based mechanism employed by the carbon-phosphorus lyase of the carbon-phosphorus lyase pathway, which involves reactions for activation of phosphonate, carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage, and further chemical transformation before a useful phosphate ion is generated in a series of seven or eight enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The phn genes, encoding the enzymes for this pathway, are widespread among bacterial species. The processes are described with emphasis on glyphosate as a substrate. Additionally, the catabolism of glyphosate is intimately connected with that of aminomethylphosphonate, which is also treated in this review. Results of physiological and genetic analyses are combined with those of bioinformatics analyses.

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“…In addition, glyphosate resistance by various mechanisms has evolved in natural weed populations due to the extensive use of the herbicide for crop protection (reviewed in reference 17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Glyphosate as Phosphate Source: Biochemistry and Genetics of Bacterial Carbon-Phosphorus Lyase

Hove‐Jensen

Zechel

Jochimsen

2014

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

179

157

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“…Cassman and Harwood (1995) were concerned that if management, under the pressure of the prevailing economic-environmental framework, focuses on short-run profitability gains rather than long-run sustainability, it may be particularly hazardous for soil conditions that are hard to correct for later. Major agronomic changes, targeted or self-oriented, have included the introduction of notillage and reduced-tillage methods (Känkänen et al 2011), which depend on high glyphosate use (Helander et al 2012), and the movement toward cereal-dominated monocultures and insufficient use of fungicides (Jalli et al 2011). Increased farm size has increased distances to field plots, and timeliness costs, and has thus hampered farmers in carrying out management practices in a timely manner (Niskanen and Lehtonen 2014).…”

Section: Changes In Agronomic Practices Contributing To Yield Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static yields and quality issues: Is the agri-environment program the primary driver?

Peltonen‐Sainio

Salo

Jauhiainen

et al. 2015

Ambio

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The Finnish agri-environmental program (AEP) has been in operation for 20 years with [90 % farmer commitment. This study aimed to establish whether reduced nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) use has impacted spring cereal yields and quality based on comprehensive follow-up studies and long-term experiments. We found that the gap between genetic yield potential and attained yield has increased after the AEP was imposed. However, many contemporary changes in agricultural practices, driven by changes in prices and farm subsidies, also including the AEP, were likely reasons, together with reduced N, but not phosphorus use. Such overall changes in crop management coincided with stagnation or decline in yields and adverse changes in quality, but yield-removed N increased and residual N decreased. Further studies are needed to assess whether all the changes are environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable, and acceptable, in the long run. The concept of sustainable intensification is worth considering as a means to develop northern European agricultural systems to combine environmental benefits with productivity.

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“…Glifosat dapat mengurangi serapan unsur hara melalui toksisitasnya terhadap mikroorganisme tanah yang berperan penting dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan nutrisi melalui proses mineralisasi dan simbiosis. Glifosat berfungsi sebagai pengikat mineral-mineral logam yang berspektrum luas dan menghentikan kofaktor mineral logam tertentu (Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) yang diperlukan untuk aktivitas enzim (Huber 2010a; Huber 2010b; Helander et al 2012).…”

Section: Hasil Produksi Pertanaman Padiunclassified

The Impact of IPA Glyphosate Herbicide Application on No Tillage System to Soil and Rice Plant

Kesuma

Hariyadi

Anwar

2015

jpsl

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Abstract.Weed is one of the important constraints in rice production, and therefore its effective control measure should be considered that the production can be optimized. PendahuluanSawah merupakan salah satu bentuk penggunaan lahan yang sangat strategis karena lahan tersebut merupakan sumber daya utama untuk memproduksi padi/beras sebagai pangan pokok utama, sumber daya utama bagi pemantapan ketahanan pangan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional bagi Indonesia (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanah dan Agroklimat 2004). Kebutuhan bahan pangan terutama beras di Indonesia akan terus meningkat sejalan dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk dan peningkatan konsumsi perkapita akibat peningkatan pendapatan. Hingga saat ini dan beberapa tahun mendatang, beras tetap menjadi sumber utama gizi dan energi bagi lebih dari 90% penduduk Indonesia (Balitan 2005). Kecukupan pangan wajib terpenuhi dari produksi dalam negeri dan impor sebagai hak dan kelangsungan hidup bangsa (Kementan 2011). Namun dilain pihak, upaya peningkatan produksi beras saat ini terganjal oleh berbagai kendala, seperti konversi lahan sawah subur yang masih terus berjalan, penyimpangan iklim (Climate anomaly), gejala kelelahan teknologi (Technology fatique), penurunan kualitas sumberdaya lahan (Land degradation) yang berdampak terhadap penurunan produktivitas (Pramono et al. 2005).Salah satu upaya meningkatkan produksi beras adalah intensifikasi. Intensifikasi pertanian dapat dilakukan dengan cara pemupukan yang baik, penggunaan benih unggul, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, dan pengendalian gulma. Pengaruh gangguan gulma terhadap penurunan produksi tanaman pangan sangat bervariasi tergantung keadaan yang mempengaruhinya. Pitoyo (2006) menyatakan bahwa penurunan produksi pangan khususnya padi yang diakibatkan oleh gulma masih tinggi yaitu 6 -87 %. Secara nasional, penurunan produksi padi sawah mencapai 15 -42 % dan padi gogo 47-87 %.Balitan (2010) menyatakan teknologi tanpa olah tanah (TOT) merupakan salah satu cara pengolahan lahan yang prospektif dikembangkan untuk mengatasi beberapa kelemahan olah tanah sempurna (OTS).

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Glyphosate in northern ecosystems

Cited by 185 publications

References 64 publications

Utilization of Glyphosate as Phosphate Source: Biochemistry and Genetics of Bacterial Carbon-Phosphorus Lyase

Utilization of Glyphosate as Phosphate Source: Biochemistry and Genetics of Bacterial Carbon-Phosphorus Lyase

Static yields and quality issues: Is the agri-environment program the primary driver?

The Impact of IPA Glyphosate Herbicide Application on No Tillage System to Soil and Rice Plant

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